GRAPHIC ART OF THE ESKIMOS. 755 



grave. At East Cape, Siberia, tlmre is a trace of the Arctic Eskimos, but differing 

 from their nearest neighbors, the Diomedo people. 



In the vicinity of East Cape there are a few ruins of underground houses, and a 

 few Eskimo words are still used by the jieople. Twenty miles westward from Cape 

 Tchaplin is Plover Bay, where both the Eskimo and Deermen language is spoken, 

 but the Eskimo is on a rapid decline. 



SUBTEIBES OR SETTLEMENTS. 



The Eskimo of littoral Alaska are divided into a considerable num- 

 ber of geograpliic divisions, popularly designated as tribes, and are 

 here briefly enumerated chiefly according to W. H. Ball's arrangement, 

 his orthography being generally maintained. 



The accompanying map of Alaskan and Asiatic coasts will serve to 

 further aid in locating the points occupied by the various native settle- 

 ments below enumerated. Plate 1. 



The Aleutians, properly so called, are divided into two tribes, the 

 Atkans and Unalashkans. The former belong to the western part of 

 the archipelago, and the latter were originally confined to the eastern 

 portion. The original name of these people signified, according to 

 Humboldt, "People of the East," and they have been regarded as 

 having originally come from the continent, a reference to which theory 

 will be made further on. 



The Ugalakmut [=Aigaluxamiut]' is the southernmost tribe, begin- 

 ning nearly at the mouth of the Coi)per Eiver and extend westward to 

 Icy Bay. Some of the eastern bands have become mixed by inter- 

 marriage with the Thlinkit. "The Chugjichmuts occupy the shores 

 and islands of Ohugach.Gulf, and the southwest coasts of the penin- 

 sula of Kenai." They are few in number, compared with the large 

 extent of country they occupy. 



The Kaniagmuts occupy the island of Kadiak and the greater por- 

 tion of the peninsula of Aliaska. This is probably the most poi^ular of 

 all the Eskimo tribes. They extend from Lliamna Lake to 159° west 

 longitude. 



The Oglemuts occupy the Aliaska peninsula along the northern coast, 

 from ir)9° west longitude to the head of Bristol Bay, and along the 

 north shore of that bay to Point f]tolin. 



The Kiateqamiut inhabit the coast from near the mouth of Nushergak 

 River westward to Cape ISTewenham. They are the IsTushergagmnts of 

 Ball, who remarks of them as particularly excelling in carving ivory, 

 and that most of their weapons and tools are made of this material. 



The Kuskwoginuts "inhabit both shores of Kuskoqiiim Bay, and 

 some little distance up that river," 



The Agulmuts extend "from near Cape Avenoff nearly to Cape 

 Eomanzofl". There are also a number of settlements of the same tribe 

 on the island of Nunivak." 



' All words, or remarks, within brackets are added by the present writer. 



