GRAPHIC ART OF THE ESKIMOS. 791 



The animals composiug the herd in flg. 10 are engraved so as to rep- 

 resent them in various attitudes. In JSTo. 1 the animal appears to be 

 comin<; up, as out of a depression, or water, while in ISTo. 2 the animal 

 is grazing. No. 3 is in the act of lying down, as shown in the bent 

 legs. In No. 4 the animal is lying down, and the head is drawn so as 

 to make it appear as if looking either toward or away from the beholder. 



rtm^ m^ M^ m M f^ 



Fig. i). 



HERD OF REINDEER. 



Foreshortening is of rare occurrence in primitive art, but besides the 

 preceding instance the animal in No. G is also partly portrayed in such 

 an attitude. No. 5 is not definitely depicted, the horns being in 

 such relative position with the body as if the animal's head were turned 

 around as if it were licking its side. No. 7 is a doe, while No. 8 is a 

 male, without any indication of action being shown. 



^^ yam^ ^a^ ^ ^ ^ fpms^ jim^ 



12 3 4567 8 



Fig. 10. 

 HERD OF REINDEER. 



In fig. 11 the native artist has certainly expressed an intimate acquaint- 

 ance with the habits of deer. The attitude of the animal in No. 1 

 seems one of careless interest, if it may be so designated, in what the 

 rest of his comrades may show more concern. No. 2 is in the attitude 

 of rising from the ground, while that in No. 3 exhibits a desire to move 

 away as if from an enemy. No. 4 is shown, by the position of the legs, 



Fig. 11. Fig. 12. 



HERD OF STARTLED DEER. HERD OF STARTLED DEER. 



to exhibit more activity in hastening away. The foreshortening visible 

 in No. 5 seems to place the leader of the herd in the attitude of a pro- 

 tector, being on the defensive, and showing a disinclination to run 

 away from those over whom he may have exercised the privileges or 

 rights of a leader. In this instance, as in the following illustration, 

 very excellent workmanship and artistic taste are exhibited. 

 In the illustration shown in fig. 12 the deer have congregated 



