1020 REPORT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1895. 



EXPLANATION OF TEXT FIGURES. 



Fig. 1. Relation of the hyoid to the tongue. 

 ' a, Hyoid of Pewee, <Srt)/or>(is/HscHS. 



b. Hyoid of CorinoraDt, Phalacrocorax nrile. 



c. Hyoid of Muscovy Duck, Cairina moschala. 



d. Hyoid of Humming-bird, SeJasphorus rnfvs. 



e. Hyoid of Flicl<er, Colapies auratiis. 



All ligures drawn to the same absolute scale. 

 c/(. Cei'atoliyal. 

 bh. Basihyal. 

 ib. Basibranchial. 

 cb. Ceratobranchial. 



Fig. 2. Changes produced in tongues by wear. 



a. Tip of tongue of Cape IVIay Warbler, Dendroica tigriva, unworn. 



b. Tip of tongue of Mourning Warbler, Geoth I yina Philadelphia, much worn. 



c. Tip of tongue of Chestnut-sided Warbler, Dendroica pcnmsylianica, 



unworn. 

 All figures greatly enlarged. 



Fig. 3. Modifications of tubular and brushy tongues. 



a. Connecticut Warbler, (leothlypis agilis. 



b. Honeysucker, Hemignathus oUvaeeus. 



c. Honey Creeper, Certhtola bahamensis. 



d. Australian Honeysucker, Tropidorhynchus sp. 



e. Tip of tongue of Honey Creejjer, Certhiola bahaininsis. 



All figures much enlarged. 



Fig. 4. Principal muscles of the tongue, after Gadow. 

 eg. Ceratoglossus. 

 gh. Geniohyoideus. 

 sth. Stylohyoideus 

 Ml. Tracheohyoideus. 



Fig. 5. Tongue of a Goatsucker, Nydidromus albicoUis, enlarged. 



Fig. 6. Tongue of a hawk, Archibuteo Jagopus sancti-joannis, showing system of pores, 

 enlarged. 



Fig. 7. Spines on basal portion of tongues of Woodpeckers, greatly enlarged, 

 n, Dryobates scalaris. 

 o. Melanerpes erytkrocephaltis. 



Fig. 8. a. Tongue of Ring-necked Duck, Aythya colla7-is, enlai'ged. 

 b. Tongue of Merganser, Merganser serrator, enlarged. 



Fig. 9. Tongue of Canada Goose, Bernicla canadensis, somewhat enlarged. 



Fig. 10. Tongue of Belted Kingfisher, Ceryle alcyon, enlarged. 



Fig. 11. Tongue of Sap Sucker, Sphyrapicus rarius, enlarged. 



Fig. 12. Tongue of Penguin, Apienodytes longirostris, slightly enlarged. 



Fig. 13. Head of Flicker, Colapies auratits, with tongue protruded. 



