264 PRESENT STATE OF ETHNOLOGY 



ral. Many ethnologists have considered the Australian negroes as 

 nearly related to the Hottentots, but the skulls of the former which 

 have come under my observation have the parietal protuberances 

 more marked than the latter. These protuberances are deficient, 

 however, in the Dayak of Borneo, in our collection. 



E. — Foems op the Skull in America. 



In an ethnological point of view there can properly be no question 

 here but of the savage or half savage tribes which inhabited the con- 

 tinent before its discovery by the Spaniards. The number of these 

 tribes amounts, we know, to some hundreds, of which many are 

 already extinct, and the rest are perishing from year to year. Pro- 

 found and extensive researches have been made respecting them, but 

 chiefly on the subject of their languages. No European savant, since 

 Blumenbach, has produced a craniological work so instructive as the 

 Crania Americana of Dr. Morton; nevertheless, the results of this 

 work cannot entirely satisfy us. This author, who has given us such 

 numerous and valuable facts, as well as the linguists who have studied 

 these American languages with indefatigable zeal, have arrived at the 

 conclusion that both race and language in the New World are unique. 

 I am obliged to avow that the facts adduced by Morton himself, and 

 the study of numerous skulls with which he has enriched the museum 

 of Stockholm, have conducted me to a wholly different result. I can 

 only explain the fact by surmising that this remarkable man has al- 

 lowed the views of the naturalist to be warped by his linguistic 

 researches. For, if the form of the skull has anything to do with the 

 question of races, we cannot fail to see that it is scarcely possible to 

 find anywhere a more distinct distribution into dolichocephala) and 

 brachyccphalai than in America. It would be only necessary, in 

 order to show this, to direct attention to certain of the delineations 

 in his own work, where the skull of the Peruvian infant, (pi. 2,) the 

 Lenni-Lennape, (pi. 32,) the Pawnee, (pi. 38,) the Blackfoot, (pi. 40,) 

 <fec, as clearly present the dolichocephalic form as, on the other hand, 

 his Natchez, (pi. 30 and 31,) and the greater part of his representa- 

 tions of the skulls of Chili, Peru, Mexico, Oregon, &c, are distinct 

 types of the brachycephalic. Conclusive, however, as the plates are, 

 I should scarcely have ventured to advance these remarks if the rich 

 series of our own collection, and the numerous and excellent figures 

 of Blumenbach, Sandifort, Van der Hoeven, &c, did not declare in 

 favor of my opinion. 



From all, then, that I have been able to observe, I have arrived at 

 the opinion that the dolichocephalic form predominates in the Carib 

 islands and in the whole eastern part of the American continent, from 

 the extreme northern limits to Paraguay and Uruguay in the south; 

 while the brachycephalic prevails in the Kurile islands and on the 

 continent, from the latitude of the straits of Behring, in Russian Amer- 

 ica, Oregon, Mexico, Equador, Peru, Bolivia, Chili, the Argentine 

 Republic, Patagonia, to Terre del Fuego. 



There can be no doubt that the Carib race was the predominant 



