THE MULTIPLE ORIGIN OF HORSES AND PONTES. 455 



SUMMARY, 



I have oiuloavorod to indicate that in [)()st-(Jhi('ial as in pre-CJlacial 

 times there were several distinct species ol' horses, and thai it is 

 extremely prol)al)le some of the prehistoric species and varieties have 

 persisted almost nnaltered to the present da}^ I have shortly described 

 (hi-ee distinct kinds of living horses, viz, the wild horse of the Gobi 

 Desert {E. r. prejeraJsl'ii) ; the Celtic pony, which, though no longer 

 wild, may be known as the E. e. eclticKs; and the Norse horse, which 

 may very well stand as the type of one of the large Occidental breeds, 

 and be known as E. c. fj/picus. I have also pointed out that in addi- 

 (ion to these three very distinct tyi)es — -two at least of which have 

 taken part in forming (piite a numbei- of oui- British breeds — we have 

 a longdieaded, heavily built variety with a straight profile, and a 

 long-headed, heavily built variety with a more or less pronounced 

 Roman nose. I have also indicated that in addition to several Occi- 

 dental varieties there are several African and Oriental varieties, and 

 1 might have added that, in so far as the English thoroughbred is a 

 mixture of African and Oriental varieties and of Occidental light 

 and heavy varieties, it might be cited as an excellent example of a 

 l)reed which includes amongst its ancestors several wild species — a 

 l)reed which has had a multiple origin. 



