ARCHEOLOGICAL RESEARCHES IN ARGENTINA AND BOLIVIA. 579 



wooden handles, are common enough among the linds in <yr.[vrs in 

 the Puna and neighboring districts. This is the hrsl time (hev have, 

 ever been discovered wilh their wooden handk's still attached (o (Ih'iu. 

 There is nothing to show that the handle was bound on with (lnvad or 

 was incased in leather; hence one nnist assume that the copixM- im- 

 plement retained its place in the handle by reason of the pi-essure of 

 the hand holding it. It is my opinion that these implements were 

 used in cutting out leather. 



Before drawing this account to a close, I desire to make mention 

 of a dwelling place that I came upon at Tolomosa, ((uite close to 

 Tarija, in Bolivia. This dwelling place was far larger, l)oth in 

 extent and in wealth of relics of the past, than any of those I have 

 previously described, and derives, moreover, a special interest from 

 the fact that nothing as regards the archeology of that neighbor- 

 hood was known before. Owing to the loose nature of the soil, 

 however, and to the tropical rains, all the remains of foundation 

 walls, etc., had been destroyed. The picture of plate vi and on plate 

 MI, figure 1, show how the ground, by reason of its loose consistency,' 

 has been scored and furrowed by the rain, so as to produce the most 

 marvelous shapes and figures in its surface. The ground, however,' 

 there was dotted almost all over, for an area of upward of a s(i[uare 

 kilometer, with splinters of pottery, arrowheads, spindle whorls, 

 ornaments, copper implements, etc., while here and there the rain 

 liad partially uncovered urns, which it was then possible to dig out 

 of the soil that still encompassed them. To give an idea of the 

 abundance of relics with which the ground around this dwelling 

 place was strewn, I may mention that, among other things, I found 

 upward of 3,000 artistically beaten arrowheads (pi, x, figs. 1 to 5, 

 7 to 0, 12, 15, and 17) of almost every type, made of flint, obsidian, 

 chalcedony, and rock crystal, and upward of 500 spindle whorls of 

 stone of 24 distinct main types (pi. x, figs. 14, 16, and 18). Further 

 urns of the type Avhich is characteristic of this locality (pi. viii, fig. 

 1). An urn of an approximately similar appearance is figured in 

 Doctor Lehmann-Nitsche's catalogue of the finds in the Puna." 



Some other clay vessels of different types were also found. One 

 who is figured on plate viii, figure 2, is of a shape that is very com- 

 mon in Peru. Among other finds, I may mention mortars of stone, 

 a grinding stone with two handles, stone rings, in some cases evi- 

 dently used as club heads. Further, some pendants in the shape of 

 animal figures (see pi. x, figs. 11. 13), a rattlesnake carved in bone 

 (pi. X, fig. G), and phallus-like pendants of stone (pi. x, fig. 10) 

 and burnt clay. A fe^\ specimens of copper ware — such as rings 



o Lehmann-Nitsche. Catitlogo de las Antigiiedades de la Provincia de Jujuy. 

 La Plata 1903. Lam. IV, G, 6. 



