PALEOBOTANY— BERRY. 



391 



The Triassic Coriiferophytes represented all of the orders. The 

 primitive Cordaitales of the Paleozoic were represented in the genus 

 Ynccites, and by the surviving Gondwana Land genus Noeggerathiop- 

 sis. The Ginkgoales had two cosmopolitan types in the Triassic-Baiera 

 and Ginkgo, both of which first appeared in the Permian or earlier, 

 and both continued in abundance throughout the major portion of 

 the Mesozoic. The Arau- 

 carian line was not as abun- 

 dant as it became in the 

 later Mesozoic, but appears 

 to have been represented by 

 Albertia of the European 

 Lower Triassic, by Pagio- 

 phyllum which was com- 

 mon in North America and 

 Europe ; and b} r Araucarites 

 and various petrified woods 

 referred to the genus Arau- 

 carioxylon. 



The Coniferalian group, 

 often represented by am- 

 biguous foliar shoots, com- 

 prises four families: Abi- 

 etineaceae, Taxaceae, Taxo- 

 diaceae and Cupressaceae. 

 The first appears to be of 

 Post-Triassic origin ; the 

 second was represented in 

 the Triassic by the charac- 

 teristic genus Palissya with 

 dimorphic foliage and lax 

 cones, and by the Upper 

 Triassic genera, Stachy- 

 taxus and Palaeotaxus; the 

 Taxodiaceae were repre- 

 sented by the genus Voltzia, 

 a survivor from the Per- 

 mian, and probably by the 

 genera Cheirolepis and Sphenolepis. Widdringtonites appear to 

 have represented the Cupressaceae during the Triassic. 



There are no known traces of Triassic flowering plants, despite the 

 misleading names of some of the plants of that time, or the mistaken 

 notions of the older paleobotanists that forms named Ynccites, Con- 

 vallarites, etc., were monocotyledons. All of these supposed mono- 

 cotyledons have been shown to be Cordaitean, as in the case of Yuc- 



Fig. 35.— Restoration of Neocalamites (after Berry), X 1/18. 



