296 REPOKT OF NATIONAL MUSEUM, 1901. 



where they occurred in great numbers. These have been ascertained 

 by Mr. F. A. Lucas to belong to the elk, deer, antelope, dog, gray 

 fox, mountain lion, wild-cat, beaver, turkey, and eagle. 



It is apparent from the number of bones of animals that the Forest- 

 dale tribe were to a great extent meat eaters, and hence must have 

 been hunters. The dog and possibly the turkey were domesticated. 

 It would be interesting to connect the meat diet of the Forestdale 

 people with their achievements as builders, but such theories must be 

 advanced with hesitation. 



Unfortunately, during the course of this exploration very few skele- 

 tons were encountered, and in these cases the bones were extremely 

 decayed, so that no crania could be secured. From the fragmentary 

 bones thrown out by the vandals who sacked the east cemetery it is 

 obvious that adequate somatological material could have been acquired 

 here. This is another example of the destruction of valuable scien- 

 tific evidence by careless and unskilled hands. 



The pottery of Forestdale bears a closer relation to that of Pinedale, 

 north of the Mogollon Divide, than to any other ancient pueblo known 

 to the writer. The bright red ware with black on white decoration is 

 also found in a number of ruins along the mountains from Chaves 

 Pass to Pinedale, reaching to within 40 miles of the Little Colorado 

 and associated at Chaves Pass and Four Mile with yellow ware. The 

 gray vases are not duplicated north of the divide; they will be found 

 to belong to the Salt River Valley in all probability. The practice of 

 incinerating the dead separates the ruin from any yet examined in the 

 Little Colorado drainage. 



On the whole, the Forestdale ruin is only one of perhaps a number 

 along the head streams of Salt River, which is on the natural migration 

 line from the south by which the Indians led Coronado to Cibola. In 

 the absence of information concerning the ruins it is not possible at 

 present to make any approximate statement as to them. Forestdale 

 may have been the stopping place of an important section of the south- 

 ern element which tradition has it went to form the Zufii or it may 

 mark a southern extension of the Zufii. The cremation of the dead 

 also tallies with the Zufii tradition that formerly they practiced the 

 same custom/' The burial against the house walls also reminds one of 

 the Zufii expression, "We bury our dead beneath the ladders." 



The plans of the old Zufii ruins figured by Mindeleff in the Eighth 

 Annual Report of the Bureau of American Ethnology show that 

 Nutria is a circular pueblo and that Pescado, so far as the ancient 

 plan can be traced, approached a circular outline. Kintiel, which is a 

 Zufii ruin, and several of the ruins of the Canyon Butte group north 

 of the Petrified Forest are of this type. 



aCushing. Zufii Creation Myths, Thirteenth Annual Report of the Bureau of 

 American Ethnology, p. 336. 



