ABCHEOLOGICAL FIELD WORK IN ARIZONA. 357 



has copied numerous pictographs in the valley of the Little Colorado 

 River showing- unmistakably the herding of turkeys and of deer by 

 men. It is possible that the .scene depicted in the bowl found at 

 Linden (Plate 19) is of this character. In this connection the congeries 

 of small cells adjoining the ruins at Pinedale, in the White Mountains 

 of Arizona, is interesting. Still, the evidence presented so far as to 

 the domestication of other animals than the dog and turkey is 

 unsatisfactory. 



It is hoped that in future excavations in the Southwest all bones of 

 animals may be carefully collected for the sake of the aid they afford 

 to a fuller understanding of the life of the pueblo dwellers. 



PRESERVATION OF ANCIENT RUINS. 



One of the most depressing features connected with the work in the 

 Pueblo region is the evidence of vandalism and unskilled exploration 

 encountered on almost all of the prehistoric sites. The extent of this 

 devastation can scarcely be realized. No ruin is so obscure or inacces- 

 sible that some sheep herder or prospector has not put in some of his 

 tedious hours digging in it. 



The settlers of the States and Territories in the Pueblo region from 

 the first were alive to the wonders of the new country and were 

 attracted by the evidences of the former inhabitants. Thus at that 

 time, out of curiosity, many of the ruins were visited; axes, etc., were 

 picked up from the surface, and perhaps a little cursory excavation 

 done, the specimens secured forming household ornaments. 



Later, the various governmental explorations called widespread 

 attention to the ruined pueblos of the Southwest, and soon it was found 

 that relics from these pueblos had commercial value. With this enter- 

 ing wedge, the collecting of "relics" became a business, and men trav- 

 ersed the region for the sole purpose of tearing up the ruins for their 

 private gains. Almost every trader either employed Indians to dig or 

 bought all the specimens that Indians brought in at a nominal price, 

 and many were the men who had "collections" for sale. A few of 

 these individuals, profiting by the scientific methods of governmental 

 and institutional explorations, were careful to catalogue and localize 

 the specimens as far as possible at second hand, finding that such data 

 increased the value. To give an idea of the extent of this vandalism 

 and unscientific collection, it may be said that from one town alone 

 during the past ten years about 20,000 specimens have been shipped; 

 from other neighboring towns, about 7,000 specimens. From the same 

 points during this period about 10,000 specimens have been shipped 

 by scientific exploring parties. The speculative collecting was from 

 Indian reservations, railroad and Government lands. 



