INDIAN TEIBES OF BRAZIL. 38] 



had placed in this nose cylinder a long red macaw's leather, which thus 

 stood out at the side of his face (Plate I. fifs. 7 and 8). Their hair is 

 allowed to fall down in front and is cul straight across the forehead 

 about 2 inches above the eves. The hair of the temples is allowed to 

 fall to the level of the eyes, where it is cut straight to the ear. The 

 hair behind is cut at the neck. The men have a narrow mustache and 

 a few bristling- hairs on the chin (Plates 2 and 3). 



The men generally wear a narrow belt of cords with a tassel of 

 feathers or anta's (tapir's) hoofs at one side (Plate I. tig. 3). The 

 women wear necklaces of monkey's teeth and bright shells (Plate 4, 

 figs. 5 and 6) and armlets of white beads and hark. On feast days 

 the men wear curious crown-, shaped like a hat brim. These are about 

 2i inches in width and made of palm leaf, with warp of bark Cord. To 

 the outer edge of this is attached a fringe of red and black toucan 

 feathers (Plate 4, tig. 1). This is worn like a crownless hat. the top 

 of the head standing up through it, The chiefs are distinguished 

 from the others by wearing a crown made of numerous tassels of red 

 and black toucan's feathers fastened by short cords to a narrow hand 

 about the head (Plate 4, fig. 2). 



In common with the neighboring tribes they are snuff takers. This 

 habit is general among them, the women using it also, hut not so 

 often nor so openty as the men. The green tobacco leaves are toasted 

 upon the bottom of a clay pot (Plate 5, fig. 3) turned over the coals. 

 They are then tentered out on sticks over the fire until they are per- 

 fectly dry. The mortar is made of the shell of the Brazil nut (Plate 

 5, figs. 1, 2, and 8), the pestle of heavy wood. The mortar is partly 

 filled with live coals, which are shaken in it to thoroughly heat it 

 without burning. Then the leaves are pounded and ground into the 

 finest dust, which is of a greenish color. The red hark of the root of 

 a certain shrub is scraped to clean it of dead hark and earth and is 

 then burned and the ashes carefully collected and mixed with the snuff 

 in about equal parts. 



For taking the snuff they are each provided with a hollow bone of 

 a bird's leg, this being about :> orb inches long and one-fourth inch 

 thick (Plate 5, figs. 4, 0, and 7)/ One end is rounded with beeswax to 

 make it fit the nostril. The snuff is carried in boxes made of river 

 shells (Ampularia) (Plate 5. fig. 5), but several of the young men had 

 procured percussion-cap boxes of the rubber gatherers. Snuff taking 

 was a matter of importance with them, two persons being necessary 

 for its proper performance. One of these put as much as a half or a 

 fourth teaspoonful of the snull' into the palm of his hand and held it 

 out to his neighbor, who placed the rounded end of the bone in his 

 nostril and. stooping over, drew the other end slowly along the edge of 

 the snuff, drawing it up with deep breaths, then changing to the other 

 nostril. After he had finished he drew a long feather through the 



