MORPHOLOGICAL ADAPTATION IN INSECTS — GRANDI 227 



prothorax, ventral view (A, juxtapedal ambulacral areae; C, maxillary cardo; 

 P, postlabium ; Q, hypostomal apodome ; S, maxillary stipes ; Z, cervical 

 sclerite). 



Plate 10 



I, Eiimenes ungiticuhis Vill., full-grou^n larva. 2, Polisies joedcraius Kohl, 

 full-grown larva (/, trophothylax). 3, DolicJwvespnla norvegica F., full-grown 

 larva (2, tropholopade). 4, Polistes foederatus Kohl, larva, frontal view of 

 the head. S, idem, mandible. 6, Enmenes ungjiiculus Vill., larva, prelabium and 

 a maxilla. 7, idem, maxillary palpus and galea more magnified. 8, Polistes 

 foederatus Kohl, larva, a maxilla and the labium. 9, DoKchovcspula norvegica 

 F., larva, a maxilla and the labium. 10, idem, external organ of the labium at 

 the bottom of which the duct of the labial glands opens. 11, Apis mellifica L. 

 Ugustica Spin., larva, left side of the labrum and left mandible. 12, idem, pre- 

 labium and a maxilla. 



Plate ii 



I, Ficiis carica L., portion of the distal end of a receptacle in correspondence 

 Vv'ith the ostiole, seen in longitudinal section in order to show the peculiar ar- 

 rangement of the ostiolar scales (phy Homes). {O, horizontal scales; R, re- 

 ceptacle cavity; T, outer scales covering the ostiolar opening; V, inner scales 

 folded.) 2, F. carica L., female galligenous flower {G, ovary transformed 

 into a gall; P, peduncle; Q, perigonial laciniae; S, style; T, stigma). 3, 

 male of Blastophaga pscncs L. fertilizing a female (the latter still within the 

 gall) after having introduced into the gall a portion of his abdomen. 4, Ficus 

 gibbosa Blum. (Java), collective fruit with three exit holes of adults of 

 Neosycophila omeomorja Grnd. 5, 6, portions of the walls of the same collec- 

 tive fruit. 7, 8, Ficus gibbosa Blum., portions of the section of other collective 

 fruits in correspondence with gall {G) of Neosycophila omeomorpha Grnd. 

 g, 10, Ficus gibbosa Blum., portions of the section of a collective fruit showing 

 the gallery bored by the hymenopteran within the peduncle (P) of the gall- 

 flower, before reaching the receptacle wall (£). (The same lettering.) 



Plate 12 



I, Blastophaga psencs L., frontal view of the head of a female {A, scape of 

 the antennae, the other portions of them are not drawn ; C, medial longitudinal 

 carina ; /, region with membranous integument ; M, groove with which the 

 mandibles articulate ; Oc, ocelli ; Z, a more sclerotized region of the integu- 

 ment). 2, Ceratosolen bisulcatus Mayr, frontal view of the head of a female. 

 3, Tetrapus ecuadoranus Grnd., female, head, frontal view. 4, Allotriozoon 

 prodigiosuni Grnd., frontal view of the head of a female (T, toruli of anten- 

 nae). 5, Agaon paradoxum (Dalm.) Grnd., frontal view of the head of a 

 female {T, toruli of antennae). 6, Pleistodontes regalis Grnd., frontal view of 

 the head of a female. 7, idem, a portion of a female fore leg. 8, Seres armipes 

 Watrst., a portion of a female fore leg showing the tibial armor. 9, Ceratosolen 

 silvestrianus Grnd., hind leg of a female. 



