RELATION BETWEEN PREY AND PREDATOR — ROEDER 305 



ROEDER, K. D. 



1948. Organization of the ascending giant fiber system in the cockroach 



(Periplaneta amerkana). Journ. Exp. Zool., vol. 108, pp. 243-262. 



1951. Movements of the thorax and potential chajiges in the thoracic muscles 



of insects. Biol. Bull., vol. 100, pp. 95-106. 

 1953. Electrical activity in nerves and ganglia. In Insect physiology, K. D. 



Roeder, ed. 1,100 pp. New York. 

 1955. Spontaneous activity and behavior. Sci. Month., vol. 80, pp. 362-370. 

 Roeder, K. D., and Treat, A. E. 



1957. Ultrasonic reception by the tympanic organ of noctuid moths. Journ. 

 Exp. Zool., vol. 134, pp. 127-157. 



Taylor, G. W. 



1942. The correlation between sheath birefringence and conduction velocity 

 with special reference to cat nerve fibers. Journ. Cell, and Comp. 

 Physiol, vol. 20, pp. 359-372. 

 Treat, A. E. 



1955. The responses to sound in certain Lepidoptera. Ann. Ent. Soc. Amer., 



vol. 48, pp. 272-284. 



1956. The reaction time of noctuid moths to ultrasonic stimulation. Journ. 



New York Ent. Soc, vol. 64, pp. 165-171. 

 Wiersma, C. a. G. 



Chapters in Physiology of Crustacea, T. H. Waterman, ed., Academic 

 Press, New York (in press). 



EXPLANATION OF PLATES 

 Plate i 



A, cross section of one connective in the abdominal nerve cord of Peri- 

 planeta ainericana. 



B, distribution of fiber frequency according to diameter. The giant fibers fall 

 into the group between 15 and 30 microns. (From Roeder, I953-) 



Plate 2 



Fig. I. Schematic frontal section of the left tympanic organ of a noctuid moth. 

 The sensillum (S) contains two sense cells and two scolopes. It is attached 

 to the tympanic membrane (TM) and suspended in the tympanic air sac (TAS) 

 by the ligament (L). The tympanic nerve (TN) carries the pair of acoustic 

 fibers to the Btigel (B) and thence out of the tympanic air sac to the thoracic 

 ganglion mass. (From Roeder and Treat, I957; further details loc. cit.). 



Fig. 2. Tympanic nerve response in the moth, Prodenia cridania, to a pure tone 

 of 40 kilocycles/sec. After an abrupt onset the tone was continuous throughout 

 each record. The occasional large spike originates in a spontaneously active 

 nonacoustic cell in the ear. A, response to a sound intensity close to threshold 

 for a continuous tone. B, intensity 7 db. above that in A. C, intensity 16 db. 

 above that in A; most sensitive acoustic cell is now firing at maximum fre- 

 quency. D, intensity 23 db. above that in A ; both acoustic cells are discharging 

 and their spikes overlap. Time line, 100 msec. (For further details, see Roeder 

 and Treat, I9S7-) 



