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SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS 



VOL. 60 



a large number of the natives from all parts of the country. Besides 

 the field observations an examination was also made of the anthropo- 

 logical collections in the various Siberian museums within the area 

 covered. The results were unexpectedly rich. 



Dr. Hrdlicka saw or was told of thousands upon thousands of 

 burial mounds or " kourgans," dating from the present time back to 

 the period when nothing but stone implements were used by man in 



Fig. 13. — Oroczi. on the stream Koni, Eastern Siberia. Photograph donated 

 by Prof. J. Talko-Hryncewicz. 



those regions. And he saw and learned of numerous large caverns, 

 particularly in the mountains bordering the Yenisei River, which 

 yield human remains and offer excellent opportunities for investi- 

 gation. 



In regard to the living people, there were opportunities of seeing 

 numerous Buriats, representatives of a number of tribes on the Yeni- 

 sei and Abacan Rivers, many thousands of Mongolians, a number of 

 Tibetans, and many Chinese, with a few Manchurians. ( )n one occa- 

 sion alone, that of an important religious ceremony, 7,000 natives 

 could be seen assembled from all parts of Mongolia. 



