10 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 73 



g. Spartis Cuvier, 1817. [Cf. Spams Linn., 1758.] ("Que je reduits aux 

 especes de I'ancien genre de ce nom, dont les machoires peu 

 extensibles sont garnies, sur les cotes, de molaires rondes, 

 semblables a des paves. lis vivent generalement de fucus. 

 Je les subdivise comme il suit") : 

 [subg.] Sargiis Cuvier, 1817 [not Sargus Fabr., 1798, dipteron], con- 

 taining — 

 La Sargue ordinaire {Spiarus] sargus L.) [type by absolute 

 tautonymy]. 

 [subg.] Les Daurades [Latin name not given], containing — 



La Daurade ordinaire {Sp[arus\ aurata L.), together with several 

 other species mentioned in footnote, 

 [subg.] Pagrus Cuvier, 1817, containing — 



Le Pagre ordinaire {Sp[arus\ argenteus Schn.) [^pagrus Linn., 



teste Jordan and Evermann]. 

 Le Pagel {Spiarusi erythrinus L.), and 3 species in footnote, 

 g. Dentex Cuvier, 1817, containing — 



Le Dente ordinaire {Spiarusi dentex L.) [type by absolute tau- 

 tonymy], and several species mentioned in footnote, 

 g. Cantharus Cuvier, 1817 [not Cantharus Bolt, 1798, mollusk, not Can- 

 thariis Montf., 1808, mollusk], containing — 

 Le Canthere ordinaire {Sp{ariis] cantharus L.) [type by absolute 

 tautonymy], and several species in footnote. 



Fleming (1828, pp. 211-212, History of British Animals) reports 

 and describes the following original Linn^ean species of the genus 

 Sparus for Great Britain: 



g. 47, Spams Gilthead. [i species reported.] 



136, S. aurata. 



g. 48. Pagrus Braize. [2 species reported.] 



137, P. vulgaris. Common Braize. Syn. Sparus pagrus Linn. 

 g. 49. Dentex. [i species reported.] 



139, D. vulgaris. Syn. Sparus dentex Linn. 



The author does not state in connection with any one of these three 

 genera what species he accepts as type species ; but Sparus pagrus had 

 become the type of Pagrus in 181 7, by absolute tautonymy {argen- 

 teus = pagrus, see Jordan and Evermann, 1898). Sparus dentex had 

 become the type of Dx^ntex in 18 17, by absolute tautonymy. Sparus 

 aurata does not appear, from the premises presented, to be the type of 

 Sparus by absolute tautonymy, but Cuvier, 1817, had placed Sparus 

 aurata in the genus Sparus, subgenus Les Daurades (no Latin name 

 used), to which subgenus Cuvier later (1829) gives the name Chryso- 

 pJiris { = Chrysophrys, 1830), of which it was the first species men- 

 tioned. Prior to this date (1829), however, Fleming (1822, Philoso- 

 phy of Zoology) had adopted three of Cuvier's subgenera of Sparus. 



