NO. I OPINIONS 68 TO yy 49 



The data presented by the Appellants do not show that an appli- 

 cation of the Rules in this case will produce greater confusion than 

 uniformity, hence Pyrosoma vs. Monophora is not a case in which 

 the Commission would be justified in suspending the Rules. 



Opinion written by Stiles. 



Opinion concurred in by 14 Commissioners: Allen, Apstein, 

 Bather, Blanchard, Handlirsch, Hartert, Hoyle, Jordan (D. S.), 

 Jordan (K.), Kolbe, Monticelli, Skinner, Stejneger, Stiles, 



Not voting, 4 Commissioners: Dautzenberg, Horvath, Roule, 

 Simon. 



CASE" OF CYCLOSALFA 1827. THALIA 1791, AND 

 HOLOTHURIA 1758 



Systematic Conceptions of Holothuria. — The generic name Holo- 

 thiiria, as used by various authors from 1758 to 1916, has included 

 species of four different subkingdoms, namely, Group A, Coelen- 



" Names dating prior to 1758, hence not validated in original pnblication : 



Holothuria Rumphins, 1741a, 49-50, monotype [//. thysalis 1758]. 



Physalis Osb. [Not accessible to Secretary.] 



Thalia Browne, 1756a, 386, contains 3 species [i ^Hol. ihalia. 2 = H. caudata, 



2^H. dciuidata] ; 1789a, 384, 386 [reprint, not validated here]. 

 Names dating 1758 or later : 

 Holothuria Linn., 1758a, 657, contains physalis. thalia. caudata, doiudata. 

 Type physalis, designated by Gdl, 1907a, 185-186, and Schulze, 1912a, 27. 



[See also Blumenbach, i79Ta, 428 and 1799a, 421.] 

 Type thalia, designated by Poche, 1912a, 410-411. 

 Type tubidosa, designated by Apstein, 1915a, 132. 

 Holothurium Pallas, 1774b, 26 (for Holothuria) describes zonarinm. 

 Phyllidocc Modeer, 1790b, 191-207, contains vdclla 1758 (syn. Phyllidocc labris 



cacruleis Browne, 1789a, 387 [not validated by Edwards in Browne, 1789a, 



387 or on pi. 48, fig. 1]), denudata 1758, and porpita 1758. 

 Physsophora Forskal, 1775a, 112, 119, contains hydrostatica, rosacea, and 



aiiformis. — Apstein, i9iSa, I28 cites hydrostatica as type. 

 Aretusa Edwards in Browne, V789a, 386 for Aretkusa Browne, 1756a. [Not 



validated here]. 

 Thalia Bruguiere, 1791a, pis. 88-89, contains i. Hoi. thalia [type by absolute 



tautonymy], 2. H. caudata. 3 ?. . . . [could not be traced by Secre- 

 tary], and 4. H. physalis. 

 Thalis Cuvier, 1798a, 398, for Thalia lygi, hence type //. thalia. 

 Cyclosalpa Blainville, 1827, 108-109, contains Salpa pinnata Gmel., S. afdnis, 



and [as sp. incert.] " les especes de thalides de Browne." — Apstein, 1915a, 



186, cites pinnata as type. 

 Physalia Lamarck, i8oia, 355-356, mt. /'. pclayica (=H. physalis 1758). — 



Apstein, 1915a, 128, cites arcthusa I'.rowne, 1756, as type. 

 Physalis Lamarck, i8i6a, v. 2, 478-481 (uses both Physalia and Physalis). 



