lO SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 73 



and Pcdipes Adanson. It would take an almost microscopic eye to read 

 correctly Bulinus instead of Bulimus; this error would however not 

 be so natural in reading the original text of Adanson and it is safe- 

 guarded against in the original illustration by use of the word 

 " Le Bulin." While it seems very reasonable to conclude that Biiliinus, 

 1777, is a mistranscription or a misprint for Bulinus, 1757, the 

 fact remains that Scopoli, in 1786, pi. 25, again used the name con- 

 sistently as Bulimus and that in 1777 he did not quote Adanson's 

 species. The Secretary is inclined to believe that Bulimus, 1777, is 

 either a misprint for or an emendation of Bulinus, 1757, but he is 

 persuaded that the absence of Adanson's species from the list admitted 

 by Scopoli is to be given serious consideration, thus excluding 

 B. scnegalensis as type of Bulimus, 1777. 



Only four species come into consideration as type of Bulimus, 1777, 

 namely, Helix putris, H. fragilis, H. stagnalis, H. tentaculata, all 

 Linn., 1758a, p. 774. The citation of Buliiuus haemastomus as type 

 by Beck, 1837, (possibly based upon Bruguiere, 1792a, 294) and the 

 citation of Helix ohlonga as type by Herrmannsen, 1846, are both 

 irrelevant, as neither species was included in the original publication 

 of Bulimus. It is to be added that Apstein, 1915a, p. 182, cites 

 oblongus Mueller, 1774, as type of Bulimus and that this species is 

 used by at least some authors as identical with haemastomus Scopoli. 



Dall, 1892, clearly inclines to tentaculata as type, but as the Secre- 

 tary reads his paper, Dall does not definitely designate this species as 

 type under Article 30^7 of the Code, and he (Dall) thinks that no harm 

 would be done if Bulimus is eventually suppressed. 



The documents presented to the Secretary do not show that the 

 type of Bulimus, 1777, has been correctly and definitely designated. 



(f) Bulinus Mueller, 1781, Naturf., 5, is clearly based upon 

 Bulinus Adanson, 1757, p. 5, pi. i ; it contains four species including 

 (1)5. perla Muell, 1781, syn. Planorbis bulla Mueller, 1774, 167, 

 and later considered synonymous with Physa fontinalis (Linn., 1758a, 

 727), (2) B. turritns, (3) B. gclatinus, and (4) B. senegalensis. The 

 fourth species senegalensis is the original " Le Bulin " of Adanson. 

 Mueller does not definitely designate a type and on basis of his publi- 

 cation two interpretations might be possible, namely, on page 5, refer- 

 ring to Bulinus perla he says "Adanson 1757, 5, pi. i, * Le Bulin,' Buli- 

 nus erfand ihr einen neunen Geschlechtsnamen (Bulinus)," and he 

 includes " Le Bulin," as one of the species. Accordingly, one might 

 argue that Mueller's type is B. perla syn. bulla on basis of the sentence 

 just quoted ; or one might argue that B. senegalensis is type by abso- 

 lute tautonymy (cf. Opinion 16). The Secretary inclines distinctly 



