32 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 73 



OPINION 129 



Bipinnaria 1835 ^s. Luidia 1839 



Summary. — The rules are herewith suspended in the case of Bipinnaria 

 1835 vs. Luidia 1839, on the ground that " the strict application of the Regies 

 will clearly result in greater confusion than uniformity." Luidia Forbes, 1839, 

 with monotype fragilissiiiia 1839 (subjective synonym of Luidia ciliaris 1837), 

 is hereby placed in the Official List of Generic Names. The names AuricnJaria, 

 Bipinnaria, Brachiolaria, and PJutcus are hereby excluded from availability as 

 generic names and are reserved as designations of developmental stages. 



Statement of case.- — Mortensen submits his argument in "An- 

 nals and Magazine of Natural History", vol. 10, pp. 350-351, Oct. 

 1932, and his presentation is herewith made a part of this Opinion. 



Discussion. — Article 37^', quoted by Dr. Mortensen, has an in- 

 teresting history. 



The original draft of the International Rules provided an excep- 

 tion to the Law of Priority for certain animals undergoing metamor- 

 phoses and change of host, and this exception was included in the 

 rules as adopted by the Moscow Congress in 1892. This same provi- 

 sion was retained in the draft prepared for the Cambridge Congress in 

 1897. In the 1901 Meeting in Berlin, Commissioners Blanchard and 

 Stiles argued for the retention of this exception, but were overwhelm- 

 ingly defeated in the final vote and they conceded the point for the 

 sake of harmony. 



The parasitic worms, particularly Trematoda and Cestoda, were the 

 first groups to accommodate themselves to the Berlin decision in so 

 far as generic names are concerned ; although many specific names 

 are involved, fortunately few generic names come into consideration. 



The case of Bipinnaria vs. Luidia is the first one to come before 

 the Commission for Opinion. The essential data, as made out by the 

 Secretary on basis of Mortensen, 1932, and Sherborn's Index are as 

 follows : 



Bipinnaria Sars, 1835, Beskr. Bergenske, Kyst Dry, p. 37 monotype a.j/rn(7<?ra 

 Sars, 1835, ibid., p. 37. 



Luidia Forbes, 1839, Mem. Wernerian Soc, no. 8, p. 123, monotype 

 jragilissirna Forbes, 1839, idem, p. 123. 



Bipinnaria aslcrigcra has been identified as the larval stage of, and there- 

 fore a subjective synonym of, Luidia sarsi. 



Luidia jragilissirna has been identified as a subjective synonym of Luidia 

 ciliaris (Piiilippi, 1837, [Aslcrias]) Ciray, 1840. p. 183. 



