154 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 85 



1923. Economic ornithology in recent entomological publications. The 

 Auk, vol. 40, no. I, pp. 161-162, Jan. Pale western cutworm 

 (Porosa gratis orthogonia) — records the western grasshopper spar- 

 row, horned larks, and possibly other wild birds as enemies. Green 

 June beetle (Cotinis nitida) — 19 kinds of birds recorded as foes; 

 southern corn root worm (Diahrotica 12-punctata) taken by 4c 

 species of birds. Potato beetle (Lcptinotarsa decenilineata) — fed 

 upon by 25 species of birds. 



1923. Economic ornithology in recent entomological publications. The 



Auk, vol. 40, no. 3, pp. 557-559, July. Corn ear worm (Hcliothis 

 obsoleta) — 17 species of birds feed on this pest; more than 50 

 larvae were found in a single stomach of the boat-tailed grackle. 

 Cloverleaf weevil (Hypera punctata)- — records 43 species of birds 

 preying upon this weevil. European corn borer (Pyraiista 

 nubilalis)—fi\e species of birds recorded preying upon larvae and 

 three species observed catching the moths. Tussock moth {Hemero- 

 campa leucostigma) — 12 species of birds known to feed upon this 

 insect in one stage or another. Lacewing flies (Chrysopidae) — 17 

 species of birds recorded as predators, most of them taking the 

 adults, but five known to eat the larvae. 



1924. Economic ornithology in recent entomological publications. The 



Auk, vol. 41, no. I, pp. 191-193, Jan. American silkworm (Samta 

 cecropia) — Dr. John Tothill concludes from his observations in 

 Nova Scotia that nearly three-fourths of the caterpillars are eaten 

 by birds (orioles, robins, etc.), and about 85 per cent of the pupae 

 are destroyed by woodpeckers. Apple leaf skeletonizer (Hemero- 

 phila /'flnana) ^chipping sparrow observed feeding on the larvae. 

 Mormon cricket (Anabrits simplex) — three species of birds men- 

 tioned as enemies, but birds said to be important factors in the 

 control of these insects. 



1924. Economic ornithology in recent entomological publications. The 

 Auk, vol. 41, no. 4, pp. 629-632, Oct. False wireworms {Eleodes 

 spp.) — 13 kinds of birds recorded as enemies. Argus tortoise beetle 

 (Chelynwrplia cassidea)— identified in the stomachs of 14 species 

 of birds, most often in those of the starling and kingbird. Codling 

 moth (Carpocapsa pamonella) — woodpeckers recorded as important 

 enemies, special mention being made of the red-bellied. Oak sap- 

 ling borer (Goes tesselatus) — woodpeckers noted as destroying 

 many larvae and pupae. Larch sawfly (Lygaconoiiatus erich- 

 sonii) — four species of birds recorded as feeding upon the larvae, 

 consuming about 10 per cent of them in New Brunswick. Larch 

 casebearer (Colcopliora laricclla) — 4 species of birds recorded as 

 enemies. Spruce budworm {Tortrix fumifcrana) — several species 

 of birds and insect parasites noted as foes. 



1926. Economic ornithology in recent entomological publications. The 

 Auk, vol. 43, no. 3, pp. 396-398, July. Most common birds are 

 enemies of the Japanese beetle (Popillia japonica). Green June 

 beetle {Cotinis nitida) — observations show that starlings feed on 

 the larvae and cardinals on the adults ; in addition to these two 

 birds, 22 other species are known to prey upon this pest. Striped 

 cucumber beetle {Diahrotica vittata) — 17 species of birds known 



