so. 7 PROTECTIVE ADAPTATIONS McATEE 165 



Williams, C. B. 



1921. Report on the froghopper-blight of sugar-cane in Trinidad. Alem. I, 

 Dep. Agr. Trinidad and Tobago, Jan. Tomaspis saccharina Dist- 

 ant. Enemies listed are : 2 species of hymenopterous parasites 

 and 2 species of thrips predatory upon the eggs ; 3 kinds of birds, 

 I syrphid larva, and i nematode upon the nymphs ; and 17 species 

 of birds, 2 of grasshoppers, 7 of ants, i of Lampyridae and 5 of 

 Reduviidae predacious on the adults, besides sundry lizards, toads, 

 frogs, spiders, mites, and two fungoid diseases. 



NEUROPTEROIDEA 



Insects chiefly predacious in the larval state and often also as iniagos. For note 

 on Trichoptera, see Muttkowski and Smith under Miscellaneous Insects. 



McGregor, E. A. 



1914. Some notes on parasitism of chrysopids in South Carolina. Can. 



Ent, vol. 46, pp. 306-308, fig I. Forty-eight out of 99 cocoons were 



destroyed by hymenopterous parasites. 

 Smith, Roger C. 



1922. The biology of the Chrysopidae. Mem. 58. Cornell Univ. Agr. Exp. 



Sta., pp. 1287-1372, pis. 75-88, figs. 154-163, June. Parasitized in 



all stages ; ladybirds eat the eggs. Certain birds feed on adults. 



Robber flies noted catching adults and some Hemiptera prey on 



the larvae. 



LEPIDOPTERA 

 ArxsLiE, C. X. 



1910. The New Mexico range caterpillar. Bull. 85, U. S. Dep. Agr., pt. 5, 

 PP- 59-96, figs. 1-53, June. Hcinilcuca oliviae — insect parasites, 

 mites, robber flies, and robins recorded as enemies (pp. 88-93). 

 Allex. T. A. 



1S94. On the mammals of Aransas County, Texas, with descriptions of 

 new forms of Lepus and Oryzomys. Bull. Amer. Mus. Nat. Hist., 

 vol. 6, pp. 165-198. Onychomys longipcs. Quotes a note from 

 H. P. A[ttwater] to the effect that he found several hundred 

 wings of Danais archlppus, the bodies of which had been eaten 

 by the Onychomys. Allen adds " This observation is of special 

 interest from the fact that this butterfly is supposed to be ' pro- 

 tected ' by a nauseous odor or taste that renders it unpalatable 

 to animals " (p. 181). 

 Badexoch. L. X. 



1899. [Enemies of the lictor moth.] True tales of the insects, p. 215. Notes 

 on hymenopterous and dipterous parasites. The caterpillars of a 

 species may be collected persistently for years for breeding and, 

 because of parasites, none of them reach the perfect stage. 

 Ball, E. D. 



IQ04. The codling moth. Bull. 87, Utah Exp. Sta., pp. 1 19-120. I'.irds, 

 particularly the downy woodpecker and the chickadee, l)ats. ants, 

 spiders, and predacious insects, recorded as enemies of this pest. 



