1 68 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 85 



Crumb, S. E. 



1926. Tobacco cutworms and their control. Farmers' Bull. 1494, U. S. 

 Dep. Agr., 13 pp., 11 figs., Aug. Among the agencies of natural 

 control are mentioned spiders, ground beetles, birds, and toads. 

 Birds play an important part. 



[Davis, W. T.] 



1914. [Dragonflies eating butterflies.] Ent. News, vol. 25, no. 4, p. 191, 



Apr. Mr. W. T. Davis said " That the dragonflies, especially on 

 the west coast of Florida, were quite a nuisance to collectors on 

 account of their catching many of the smaller butterflies that were 

 disturbed." 



DusTAN, Alan G. 



1923. The natural control of the white-marked tussock moth under city 

 and forest conditions. Proc. Acadian Ent. Soc, vol. 8, 1922, 

 pp. 109-126, pis. 15-16. In the city the principal enemies are para- 

 sites of the eggs and larvae, while in the forest, birds, ants, and 

 spiders assume that role. 



Felt, E. P. 



1912. [Green maple worm (Xyliiia aiitemiata Walk.)]. 27th Rep. State 

 Entomologist, 1911, New York State Mus. Bull. 155, pp. 50-51. 

 Jan. Nine species of birds actually observed eating or carrying 

 away caterpillars, and nine others apparently associated in the work. 



Floersheim, C. 



1906. On some enemies of the diurnal Lepidoptera. Ent. Rec. vol. 18, 

 no. 2, pp. 36-39, Feb. Two cases of birds ; predacious beetles very 

 abundant and get many sleeping butterflies. Spiders and coccinellid 

 larvae eat butterfly larvae ; eggs destroyed by Hemiptera. 



Forbes, S. A. 



1883. The regulative action of birds upon insect oscillations. Bull. Illinois 



• State Lab. Nat. Hist., vol. i, no. 6, pp. 1-32, May. Chiefly on 



birds in relation to an outbreak of cankerworms which made up 



35 per cent of food of all birds in the affected orchard. Schedule 



of all food items identified. 



Forbush, E. H. 



1899. The destruction of hairy caterpillars by birds. Bull. 20, Div. Ent., 

 U. S. Dep. Agr., pp. 85-93. List of 46 species with detailed notes 

 on feeding habits of some of them, especially in relation to gipsy 

 moth and brown-tail moth larvae, and tent caterpillars. 



Garman, H. 



1895. [Cutworm enemies]. Bull. 58, Kentucky Exp. Sta., p. 106, Nov. 

 Birds, chickens, turkeys, and pigs, besides insect parasites. 



Gibson, Arthur. 



1915. The army-worm. Dominion of Canada Dep. Agr., Ent. Branch, 



Bull. 9, 34 pp., 19 figs. Cirphis iinipnncta. Many species of wild 

 birds, large numbers of parasitic and predacious insects, domestic 

 poultry, toads, and skunks recorded as enemies. Bacterial and 

 fungous diseases also recorded attacking this worm (pp. 13-17'' • 



