WHOLE VOL. APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY HOWARD 33 



Bud caterpillars (Penthina). — One pound oil soap to seven to ten gallons of 

 water. One gallon of " the liquor expressed by tobacconists from tobacco " with 

 five gallons of water (p. 483). 



Pine-shoot Tortrix. — Cut off and burn the injured shoots with their inhabitants 

 (European) (p. 484). 



Codling moth.- — Gather windfalls. Cloth wound around the tree or hung in 

 the crotches to attract larvae ready to spin. Scrape off the loose and rugged 

 bark. Drive away the moths at egg-laying time by the smoke of weeds burned 

 under the tree (p, 487). 



Clothes moths. — Expose garments, furs, feathers, etc., to the air and to the 

 heat of the sun for several hours ; then brush, beat, shake, before packing away. 

 Brush over walls and shelves of closets, etc., with spirits of turpentine. Powdered 

 black pepper strewed under the edges of carpets. Sheets of paper sprinkled with 

 spirits of turpentine, camphor in coarse powder, leaves of tobacco, or shavings of 

 Russia leather, placed among clothes when put away for the summer. Put small 

 articles into brown paper bags securely closed ; also put in a few tobacco leaves 

 or bits of camphor. Chests of camphor wood, red cedar or Spanish cedar. Cloth 

 linings of carriages, wash or sponge on both sides with a solution of corrosive 

 sublimate of mercury in alcohol strong enough not to leave a white stain on a 

 black feather. Fumigate with tobacco smoke or sulphur. Expose to steam for 

 fifteen minutes. Place the infested garment or substance in an oven heated to 

 about 150° F. (p. 496). 



Angoumois grain moth. — Heat for twelve hours at 167° F. Early threshing 

 and winnowing of wheat (European) (pp. 507-508). 



Fir sawfly. — Soapsuds. Whale-oil soap solution. Shaking from trees in the 

 early morning onto a sheet (p. 522). 



Grape sawfly.- — Dusting with air-slaked lime. One pound of hard soap to five 

 or six gallons of soft water (English) (p. 524). 



Rose saivfly. — Sprinkling with tobacco water. Dusting lime on the plants when 

 wet with dew. Whale-oil soap two pounds to fifteen gallons of water (Mr. Hag- 

 gerston's — Boston — remedy) ; also applicable to plant-lice, red-spider, canker- 

 worm, and rose leaf -hopper (p. 528). 



Pear slug. — Ashes or quick lime sifted on the trees from a sieve fashioned 

 at the end of a pole (the late Hon. John Lowell, of Roxbury). Haggerston's 

 whale-oil soap solution will probably be still more effectual (p. 532). 



Joint-worms. — Burn stubble ; also straw and refuse. Manure and thorough 

 cultivation, promoting rapid and vigorous growth of the plant (p. 561). 



Hessian fly. — Selection of varieties. Burning the stubble (p. 585). 



Horse flics. — Protect the animals by washing the back with a strong decoction 

 of walnut leaves (p. 603). 



Onion maggot. — Sow seed on ground on which a quantity of straw has been 

 previously burned (p. 618). 



For the last 25 years of his Hfe, Doctor Harris was Librarian of 

 Harvard College. It does not appear that he traveled, and it seems 

 that personally he was unfamiliar with any type of agriculture except 

 that about Boston. He spent as much time as possible in the woods 

 and fields, and obviously was a close observer. The library of Har- 

 vard College was small at the time, and there were many books to 



