96 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL.84 



Mediterranean region and in the course of which the author quoted 

 Hubbard and copied one of his plates. 



Theodor Pergande, as has been stated, came from Missouri with 

 Professor Riley and stayed in the service until his death, March 22,, 

 1916. He was a man of slight education, who had been a mechanic 

 in Germany and who had come to this country just at the outbreak of 

 the Civil War. He entered the Union army as a private, served 

 through the war, and at its close became a worker in a gun factory 

 in or near St. Louis. He had been a collector of insects since boy- 

 hood, and was a very keen observer. On one of his Sunday collect- 

 ing trips he met Otto Lugger, also a German by birth, who at that 

 time was an assistant to Professor Riley in his office as State Ento- 

 mologist of Missouri. Lugger was about to resign his position, and 

 introduced Pergande to Riley, and got him the job as his successor. 

 Pergande was a small man with a large beard, not too careful about 

 his personal appearance, but a positive genius in his work on the life 

 history of insects. He was invaluable to Riley and invaluable to the 

 entomological service at Washington. For many years he kept the 

 main insectary notes of the service ; and the great bulk of the life his- 

 tory work published in the many entomological publications of the 

 Department for many years was based upon his careful notes and 

 observations. Dr. Cooper Curtice, of the ]>ureau of Animal Industr^^ 

 once said (I think it was in the late i88o's) " The Division of Ento- 

 mology without Pergande would be like the play of Hamlet without 

 Hamlet." Dr. Walther Horn, in his review of Escherich's book on 

 ajjplied entomology in the United States, said (he himself had visited 

 Washington many years before) : " This model organization is de- 

 scribed in its main features, and its principal workings are explained 

 one by one. Something I have missed in this connection. It appears 

 to me that Theodor Pergande should be allowed a more prominent 

 place. He had certainly deserved it." (Translated.) Pergande had 

 many friends and admirers who estimated him at his true worth. No 

 one who worked with him will ever forget him. He received little 

 public credit for his work, but his very few published papers show 

 his great knowledge and keen ability. He had a delightful sense of 

 humor, and told fascinating stories of his experiences. He had strong 

 likes and dislikes as to persons, and was very outspoken. His mind 

 began to fail toward the end, and he had a number of curious halluci- 

 nations. He told me, for example, in 191 5, of a trip he once took to 

 Japan with the son of the Emperor, and with much detail recited his 

 extraordinary experiences in the way of receptions and so on. All 

 this he imagined. For some months before hi.s death he was under 



