lOO SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 84 



failed, however, and he went to southern California to recuperate. 

 The climate agreed with him, and in 1887 Professor Riley took him 

 on as a field agent and used him in making certain observations on 

 injurious insects of southern California. He was living at Los 

 Angeles at the time when Koebele started for Australia, and was 

 charged with the preparations for the receipt of the parasites or preda- 

 tors when they should arrive. He had a temporary structure built 

 over an orange tree badly infested with Icerya, and cared for and 

 liberated the V'edalias when they arrived. Later he was instrumental 

 in the early development of the hydrocyanic-acid gas fumigation of 

 orange trees infested by other s|)ecies of scales, and later still, his 

 health apparently permitting, he was brought to Washington where 

 he spent the rest of his life doing taxonomic work with the Diptera. 



E. A. Schwarz deserves further especial mention. He was always 

 one of the most valuable men in the service. He did an immense 

 amount of work for Riley, whom he greatly admired. He con- 

 tributed frequent and important articles to Insect Life, and was one 

 of the mainstays of the Entomological Society of Washington after 

 its foundation in 1884. He was always universally res{:)€Cted on 

 account of his broad and intimate knowledge of very many aspects of 

 entomology. He was extremely helpful to the other workers. He 

 quickly gained the admiration and respect of the younger men as 

 they joined the force, and this feeling of great admiration and great 

 respect increased as the years went on. His connection with the force 

 has been of the greatest advantage to the service. It has helped 

 greatly to give it an atmosphere of scientific authority. He played an 

 important ])art in many of the princi])al investigations, notably in the 

 cotton boll weevil work just after Riley's retirement. He died Octo- 

 ber 15, 1928. The character of the man and the amazing extent of 

 his knowledge can best be understood if one reads his long series 

 of letters published in The Journal of the New York Entomological 

 Society, Vol. 37, No. 3, September 1929, pp. 181-392. 



Of the other younger men during the Riley administration should 

 be especially mentioned W. B. Alwood, who assisted in the impor- 

 tant work in the summer of 1886 on the hop aphis; C. H. Tyler 

 Townsend, who came as a very young man to assist in the office 

 work in 1888; A. B. Cordley (now Director of the Oregon Agricul- 

 tural ILxperiment Station) ; F. W. Mally (now in Texas in private 

 work), and Nathan Banks, for many years invaluable assistant in 

 taxonomic work with groups with which the rest of us were not 

 familiar (now Curator of Insects in the Museum of Comparative 

 Zoology at Cambridge). 



