146 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 84 



The law is enforced by a board of four members : a representative 

 from the Bureau of Chemistry, one from the Bureau of Plant Indus- 

 try, one from the Bureau of Entomology (Dr. A. L, Quaintance), 

 and one from the Bureau of Animal Industry. 



Down to June 30, 1927, the Federal Insecticide Board, operating 

 under the law just discussed, was an independent board under the 

 Secretary of Agriculture, the representative from the Bureau of 

 Chemistry, Dr. J. K. Haywood, being the Chairman. Working under 

 his direction, there were employed in the Bureau of Chemistry chem- 

 ists, bacteriologists, and microscopists who made examinations of 

 insecticides, fungicides, and disinfectants, publishing the results in 

 some instances only. The entomologists and plant pathologists of 

 the Board made investigations to determine whether the ingredients 

 of insecticides and fungicides were active or inert against various 

 insects and plant diseases and also whether these substances were 

 injurious to vegetation. Under the appropriation bill for the fiscal 

 year ending June 30, 1928, there was a marked reorganization of 

 some of the branches of departmental work, and the administration 

 of the Insecticide and Fungicide Law was placed definitely under the 

 Bureau of Chemistry and Soils, the old Bureau of Soils having thus 

 been combined with the former Bureau of Chemistry. The law, how^- 

 ever, operates as before, with this alteration only. 



Since the passage of the act of 1910, many States have passed 

 independent laws. At the time of Doctor Haywood's presidential 

 address in 1920, 21 States had passed such laws which were then in 

 force. 



The operation of the law has been highly beneficial. Inspectors of 

 the Board have traveled throughout the United States on carefully 

 prepared itineraries, collecting samples of insecticides and fungicides 

 for examination and test to determine whether or not they are in 

 violation of the act. These samples are sent to the Board at Wash- 

 ington, under seal and with complete records identifying the sample 

 with a specific interstate shipment since the penalties provided by the 

 act refer, so far as the Federal Government is concerned, only to 

 interstate shipments. These samples are assigned by the Board to 

 one or more of the four groups that are engaged in the enforce- 

 ment of the act. If any samples are found to violate the provisions 

 of the law, appropriate charges are prepared and submitted to the 

 Board. If violation is shown, the manufacturer is cited to a hearing 

 and given a chance to show any error in the findings of the Board. 

 If he succeeds in showing that there has been no violation of the law, 

 the case is placed in abeyance. If the violation is shown not to have 



