WHOLE VOL. APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY HOWARD 265 



San Jose scale. I had a long talk with Doctor Reh at that time 

 and found that he was chafing under existing conditions, since the 

 director of the work was a botanist and he could see no reason why 

 an entomologist working upon an entomological problem should be 

 controlled by a botanist who had no just idea of entomology. Doctor 

 Reh did not confine his opinions to this private conversation, but 

 made them generally known in Germany, and there began to arise a 

 general feeling that Germany was in a way neglecting an important 

 subject. This feeling grew, and Doctor Escherich, on his return from 

 his American journey in 1910, published a book on his observations. 

 In his Zurich address he said (translated), 



The effect of this booklet surprised me more than anything. Enthusiastic 

 comments came in from all sides. I realized that the time was right for 

 the development of applied entomology which for a long time had been earnestly 

 pushed by Doctor Reh and others but in vain. The ice was broken, and the 

 development proceeded in an accelerated tempo. The call for the formation of 

 a " German Society for Applied Entomology " was well answered, and in the 

 fall of 1913 the first meeting was held in Wiirzbcrg and was attended by a 

 large number of scientific men, practical farmers, and representatives of the 

 different State governments. 



At this time a journal was started, entitled Zeitschrift fiir ange- 

 wandte Entomologie, and found abundant material for publication. 



It thus s^eems that there was, during the first ten years of the 

 present century, a growing feeling among certain entomologists and 

 perhaps others in Germany that not enough attention in that country 

 was being turned towards applied entomology. Very likely the work 

 that was being done in this country, in some of the English colonies, 

 in Italy, Russia, and France, helped to a considerable extent in pro- 

 moting this feeling. Economic entomology apparently was not taught 

 in the educational institutions, and there were no official entomologists. 

 As we have seen, the books that had been published were written by 

 men who had no official standing with the general government. 



The situation, therefore, needed only the incentive of the publi- 

 cation of Escherich's extremely enthusiastic book, " Die angewandte 

 Entomologie in den Vereinigten Staaten." and his forceful person- 

 ality to bring about the very general appreciation of the value of such 

 work and to start the movement indicated in his Zurich address. 



In this address Escherich spoke of the sympathy with which this 

 book was received and the congratulatory letters that he received. 

 But there were nevertheless somewhat critical comments. Dr. 

 Walther Horn, for example, while praising the book, came to the 

 defense of German entomology, showing that Escherich had really 

 18 



