WHOLE VOL. APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY HOWARD 267 



was the third volume of the third edition of Dr. Paul Sorauer's 

 " Handbook of Plant Diseases." The first edition of Doctor Sorauer's 

 work was published in one volume in 1874 and was concerned only 

 with plant diseases, although one of the gall-mites is mentioned. The 

 second edition, published in 1886, contained two volumes, and at the 

 close of the second volume some consideration was given to plant 

 galls, some of them, of course, caused by insects. The third edition 

 comprised three volumes, the first two devoted to diseases, and the 

 third (published in 191 3) was on economic zoology. It is a very good 

 and very comprehensive work. Doctor Reh, in a most readable intro- 

 duction, explains the difficulties of his task and has some very signifi- 

 cant things to say on the subject of nomenclature. He states that 

 since the time of Taschenberg zoological phytopathology had been 

 almost entirely in the hands of the botanists and that therefore it is 

 not to be wondered at that the same name had been given by them 

 to insects of dififerent families and even of different orders. This 

 produced what he calls such a Tohuwohohn^ that even the specialist 

 had great difficulty in finding out what was what. 



The volume, which covers 774 pages, royal octavo, is admirably 

 done and well illustrated with more than 300 text figures. Doctor 

 Reh's command of the literature is surprising, and references are 

 given to original sources in extensive footnotes on almost every page. 

 He seems to have known the publications of other nations quite as 

 well as his own. A good chapter on the subject of remedies, by Dr. 

 Martin Schwartz, covers the last 22 pages of text. Doctor Schwartz 

 seems to have been equally well informed regarding the work in 

 America and elsewhere. 



The report of the Chief Plant Protection Station in Baden for 

 this same year (1913) contained a great deal of matter concerning 

 injurious insects — sufficient, in fact, to warrant a very good two-page 

 review in the Review of Applied Entomology. The report is by 

 C. V. Wahl and K. Miiller. This report is so full and so careful that 

 it is quite possible that its publication in this form was influenced in 

 some degree by the movement started by Doctor Escherich. 



The next year came the World War, and, as Escherich pointed out 

 in his Zurich address, every one soon became convinced of the neces- 

 sity of an intensive and scientific campaign against insect pests. Body- 

 lice were brought in by the Russian prisoners ; numerous insect pests 

 infested stored food products to an alarming degree ; the crops were 

 damaged sometimes to the extent of 50 per cent, and all this just at 

 a time when every grain of corn and every apple was of great value. 



* I rather like this Hebrew word, although it really means chaos. 



