268 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL.84 



Doctor Hase was sent to the eastern front to study the lice ; others 

 were sent to the Southeast to study the malarial mosquito, and a cam- 

 paign was organized for the control of grasshoppers in Asia Minor. 



At the close of the war the effect of this renewed interest was 

 evident. The Biologische Reichsinstitut was reorganized under Dr. 

 O. Appel, and entomology was well represented. At the time of 

 Escherich's Zurich address there were 20 entomologists connected 

 with that institution, some of whom were at work in field stations. 



In 1925, agricultural entomology, which hardly existed 20 years 

 earlier, hdd reached a standing in Germany practically the same as 

 forest entomology, although there were fewer teachers in the agri- 

 cultural high schools. The laws of Germany were modified so that 

 arsenical compounds were permitted as insecticides, and the dusting 

 of forest areas with airplanes began. Moreover, the fumigation of 

 mills, storehouses, ships, and dwelling houses with poisonous gases 

 was permitted by law. So the chemical industry profited by a new 

 insect icidal development. 



About the same time that Doctor Escherich gave this address, 

 volume 4 of the fourth edition of Sorauer's " Handbook of Plant 

 Diseases " appeared (1925) ; and there is to appear a fifth volume to 

 complete the fourth edition. The fourth volume is devoted almost 

 entirely to insects, as will also be the fifth volume. Doctor Reh was 

 again the editor, l)ut no less than five younger economic entomologists 

 were his collaborators, namely Dr. H. Blunck, Dr. K. Friederichs, 

 Dr. F. Stellwag, Dr. S. Wilke, and Dr. F. Zacher. 



In his introduction Doctor Reh refers to the fact that during the 

 war German workers had no access to the publications of foreign 

 countries, and that it would have been very difficult for him to bring 

 his revision up to date had it not been for the invaluable Review of 

 Applied Entomology published by the Imperial Bureau of Ento- 

 mology of Great Britain. A set of this publication, including all the 

 numbers published during the war, enabled him to see what had been 

 done; and the result is that this 1925 volume seems entirely compe- 

 tent. It contains many new figures and much sound information. 



A short paper entitled " Reminiscences " had been published by 

 Ludwig Reh (Anzeiger fiir Schadlingskunde, vol. 3, 1927, no. 4, pp. 

 37-41). This very frank and outspoken paper throws much light on 

 the position held by entomologists and economic entomology in the 

 eyes of even the scientific public in Germany at the end of the last 

 century. Although naturally interested in insects, Reh was so influ- 

 enced by the opinions of scientific men that he avoided their study 

 until in 1895 he went to Brazil where he was struck by the enormous 



