2/0 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 84 



nearly 900 pages, and are fully illustrated. Doctor Friederichs has 

 shown himself a keen student and an admirable reasoner. While the 

 work includes all of economic zoology, the greater part is devoted 

 to entomology. It discusses the broadest questions in the broadest 

 way, and is a mine of information. In Volume 2 the author goes into 

 historical matters to some extent, and I have learned from the book 

 more than I realized of the situation in Germany. Under the Biolo- 

 gische Reichsanstalt at Dahlem, a Berlin suburb, the Service for 

 Plant Protection includes everything indicated by the name, and in- 

 jurious insects are cared for. Doctor Friederichs shows that a zoolo- 

 gist is chief of the economic division and that he is also in charge 

 of the laboratory of general plant protection. Under him are 32 

 scientific men, of whom 15 are zoologists. Entomologists are trained 

 at the University at Rostock, and the only professorship of phytopa- 

 thology is at Bonn. The Plant Protection Institute at Berlin-Dahlem 

 maintains 15 laboratories for applied biology, and these constitute the 

 economic division. Of these 15 laboratories, one is for forest zoology, 

 one for the investigation and control of the nun moth, one for the 

 investigation of stored product insects, and one for bee investigations. 

 There is a distinct division of the Institute dealing with insect prob- 

 lems all over Germany, and this division maintains a laboratory for 

 Phylloxera control, one for grape insects, and one for fruit insect 

 investigations. Of the branches of different sorts, there is one in 

 Stade for the investigation of orchard insects, another in Rosenthal 

 near Breslau for the control of the sugar beet maggot, and one in 

 Rastatt for the investigation of corn borer. There are over the coun- 

 try 28 offices giving advice and information as to agricultural prob- 

 lems and also reporting to the central office on the occurrence of out- 

 breaks of insects. 



I cannot praise Dr. Friederichs' volumes too highly : they are 

 admirable. He has introduced paragraphs on von Frisch, J. G. Schaf- 

 fer, G. L. Hartig and' a few others which I might well have used in 

 this 1)rief .sketch of economic entomology in Germany. 



AUSTRIA 



Just as in Germany, .Austria has paid more attention to insects 

 affecting forests than to those affecting agricultural crops. However, 

 one of the best general books (possibly the best) published in Euroix? 

 during the first half of the nineteenth century was written by Vincent 

 Kollar, born in Prussian Silesia, who, at the age of 20, joined the 

 Museum of Natural History in Vienna, where he spent the rest of 

 his active life. He was born in 1797 and died in i860. In the Museum 



