WHOLE VOL. APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY HOWARD 285 



first important article on economic entomology in that country. It 

 appeared in the Bulletin de la Federation des Societes d'Agriculture 

 and was entitled (translated) "A Treatise on Horticultural, Agri- 

 cultural, and Forest Entomology and Methodical Treatment of In- 

 jurious and Useful Insects, Comprising Their Description, the History 

 of Their Habits and Mode of Life, and the Means of Destroying Those 

 that Damage Cultivated Plants." The author was Alfonse Dubois. 

 It is a paper of over 200 pages, and is illustrated by four admirable 

 colored plates. There is little in it of value, however, in the way 

 of remedies. 



In 1891 was begun at Gembloux the publication of the Journal 

 d' Association des Anciens Sieves de I'lnstitut, and in 1893 this 

 journal published its first entomological article. It was entitled 

 " Entomologie Forestiere " and was signed " Dubois, Ingenieur agri- 

 cole. Garde General Adjoint, Faux et Forets a Bouillon." And in the 

 same year a brief report on insects by J. Poskin was reviewed. The 

 title of the journal was changed in 1897 to L'Ingenieur agricole, and 

 the volumes for 1897 ^"<^ 1898 contained two brief articles signed, 

 the one by A. de Wilde and the other by Servais. Later the name of 

 the journal was again changed, this time to Annales de Gembloux, 

 and has continued publication under this title. 



In 1894 a phytopathological organization was instituted at the State 

 Agricultural Institute of Gembloux, and comprised two branches, 

 one entomological and the other cryptogamic. The head of the ento- 

 mological branch was Prof. J. Poskin, Professor of Zoology and 

 Entomology, Prof. E. Marchal taking charge of the cryptogamic 

 work and holding at the same time the position of Professor of Botany 

 at the Agricultural Institute. In a report presented by Professor 

 Marchal at the Eighth International Congress of Agriculture at 

 Vienna in 1907 I learn that the function of this service was to instruct 

 the farmers concerning plant injury, to identify specimens and to 

 indicate remedies ; also to keep track of the damage and to conduct 

 experimental research. Wherever the ravages were important and 

 general, specialists were sent out to visit the field. Professor Marchal 

 showed that specimens and queries concerning injurious insects had 

 been received in increasing numbers — 31 in 1894 and 235 in 1905- 



In 1904 was pubUshed at Brussels, in English, a pamphlet entitled 

 " The Government Agricultural Institute of Gembloux — History, 

 Organization, Instruction, Annexes." Under the head of Zoology 

 and Entomology, the following paragraph occurs : ** The course in 

 zoology taught successively by Mr. Malaise, Professor of Natural 

 Science, and since 1888 by Mr. Warsage, Assistant Lecturer in Zoo- 



