WHOLE VOL. APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY HOWARD 335 



Crete. No special entomological bureaus have been established, and 

 the men so far engaged are acquainted with the general features of 

 both phytopathology and agricultural entomology. 



The present year (1930) a phytopathological institute at Kiphissia, 

 a suburb of Athens, 14 kilometers northwest of the city, was opened 

 and started operations. It is known as the Benakion Phytopathologi- 

 cal Institute, and was erected and equipped with funds left by the 

 late Emmanual Benakis. The purpose of the Institute is research 

 work in the fields of entomology and plant pathology. In addition 

 to this research work, graduate students of the agricultural colleges 

 of Athens and Salonica may take postgraduate work here. Building 

 operations were started in 1927, and the actual operation of the 

 Institute, under the direction of Professor Isaakides, was started in 

 January, 1930. 



This late information has been given to me by Mr. John Hadji 

 Nicolaou, who spent most of the year 1929 in the United States study- 

 ing economic entomology largely with Prof. T. J. Headlee at New 

 Brunswick, New Jersey, but who also has done work in the University 

 of California and at its southern branch at Riverside. He is now 

 (April, 1930) about to return to Greece to take up work in eco- 

 nomic entomology under the Department of Agriculture of the 

 Government. 



CYPRUS 



Like all countries around the eastern Mediterranean, the island of 

 Cyprus has been subject to locust invasions from time immemorial. 

 Mr. H. M. Morris, at present Government Entomologist, has been 

 good enough to send me a copy of two pages from the " Handbook of 

 Cyprus" by Luke and Jardine (Macmillan, 1920), and we quote 

 here the following paragraph concerning early days : 



Locusts. The earlier modes of attack were at least quaint. Under Hugh I 

 (1205-1218) an icon representing SS. Christopher, Tarasius, and Tryphon was 

 carried processionally to meet the advancing swarms, and the crops were saved. 

 In 141 1 a priest who was cursing them was suffocated by locusts. In 1473 we 

 hear of water brought in open vessels from Kerkiik, in Persia : this attracted 

 a flock of " red and black birds, which, flying together like starlings, with their 

 song and flight destroyed the locusts." In 1688 the Panagia of Kykko was 

 invoked to bring these birds, which were perhaps the russet starling (Pastor 

 roseus). In 1628 Archbishop Christopoulos begged the abbot of the Laura on 

 Mount Athos to send him the head of S. Michael, sometime Metropolitan of 

 Synnada in Phrygia, and a martyr under Leo the Isaurian about 814, to stay 

 the plague. 



In 1881, however, special legislation was passed to provide funds 

 for a war of extermination, and between July of 1881 and July of 



