WHOLE VOL, APPLIED ENTOMOLOGY HOWARD 345 



to have been studied carefully liy the author of this work. Professor 

 Shiraki spent 1927 and a large part of 1928 in foreign travel. In 

 1927 he spent some time in Berlin and at other points in Europe. I 

 was glad to meet him in June of that year in the British Museum 

 of Natural History. In September we were both at the Interna- 

 tional Congress of Zoology at Budapest. And in 1928 he returned to 

 Japan by way of the United States, was a delegate to the Fourth 

 International Congress of Entomology at Ithaca, and later visited the 

 Federal Bureau of Entomology at Washington. 



Mitsukuri, one of the greatest of the early Japanese zoologists, 

 visited the United States as early as 1880 and made many friends. He 

 had been a student of E. S. Morse, one of the famous students of the 

 elder Agassiz, who went to Japan and lectured on zoology in the 

 Imperial University of Tokyo in the early 1870's. Mitsukuri, al- 

 though a broad zoologist, was greatly interested in insects, and he 

 sent a very large collection of Japanese insects to the World's Fair at 

 Chicago in 1893. This collection in its entirety came to Washington, 

 and portions of it were worked up by different specialists, the Hy- 

 menoptera in particular being very well handled by the late Dr. W. H. 

 Ashmead. And Mitsukuri himself visited this country in the late 

 nineties and spoke before the Biological Society of Washington. 



About 1899, S. I. Kuwana, who had been a student at Stanford 

 University and who had paid especial attention to the scale insects, 

 went back to Japan. It was at a time when the original home of the 

 San Jose scale was under dispute, and Kuwana, finding it abundant 

 in many orchards in Japan, announced that in his opinion the insect 

 must originally have come to America from that country. 



Dr. C. L. Marlatt, of the United States Bureau of Entomology, 

 who had been paying especial attention to the San Jose scale, was 

 not perfectly satisfied with this conclusion, and in 1900 started on a 

 long trip around the world in the course of which he proposed to 

 settle, if possible, this question of the original home of the scale. 

 He visited Japan first, and it may be stated at once that he decided 

 that Japan got the scale from the United States rather than the 

 reverse, and he eventually found what seems with little doubt to be 

 the original home in north China. However, Doctor Marlatt's visit 

 to Japan really started a more personal contact between the Japa- 

 nese workers and those of this country than had existed before. He 

 was received with extreme courtesy. A skilled Japanese student, 

 Mr. Hori, was nominated by the Government as his traveling com- 

 panion. He visited Y. Nawa at his entomological laboratory at Gifu, 

 and explored many parts of the Japanese archipelago. Professor 

 Kuwana greeted him in a fraternally hospitable way and helped him, 



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