536 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL.84 



in putting through his idea about introducing the natural enemies of 

 the plant, met with considerable opposition, since the insect enemies of 

 blackberries would also destroy other and more useful Rosaceous 

 plants ; but his scientific reputation is so sound that he was entrusted 

 by American and European entomologists with insects for intro- 

 duction. 



In the same way the insect enemies of ragwort, gorse, and piripiri 

 have been introduced into New Zealand. Dr. David Miller reported 

 in 1929 that in three cases the work was still in its preliminary stages, 

 but that,, in the case of ragwort, field liberations of the cinnabar moth 

 {Tyria jacobacac) imported from England had already been made. 



GROWTH OF APPRECIATION OF ECONOMIC ENTOMOLOGY BY 

 OTHER SCIENTIFIC WORKERS 



At first thought it would seem that wide-spread popular apprecia- 

 tion and popular support would be all that economic entomology 

 would need. But there is something else, and that is appreciation on 

 the part of workers in what is known as pure science. And the lack 

 of such appreciation was keenly felt by the earlier economic ento- 

 mologists. It is difficult in these days to realize the attitude of museum 

 men and university men towards the workers in agricultural ento- 

 mology even when the former were entomologists themselves. Per- 

 haps they did not realize it to the full themselves, but those of us who 

 were trying to help the farmer in his insect problems felt as though 

 we were classed as outsiders — as farmers ourselves. And most of us 

 realize how the old-fashioned farmer is thought of, even today, in 

 scientific circles. 



I think it likely that this attitude of scientific men has persisted 

 even longer in Europe than in this country, although we must remem- 

 ber that in Italy Antonio Berlese and Filippo Silvestri were early 

 elected members of the Academia dei Lincei, the most exclusive of 

 the Italian scientific organizations ; and that in France Paul Marchal 

 nearly 30 years ago became a member of the Academic des Sciences 

 and thus of the Insitut de France. Other instances are not lack- 

 ing, as view the esteem in which Porchinsky and Cholodkovsky were 

 held in Russia. 



But all of these men did work aside from its economic applications 

 that brought them this esteem and these honors. As late as 1902, 

 on my first visit to the National Hungarian Museum, I asked Kertesz 

 and Mocsary about Jablonowski and they replied that he was not a 

 scientific man, he was a farmer, and that I would find him over in 



