NO. 8 PARASITES METCALF 29 



von Ihering's Archiplata, that should have been a very poor one, 

 Hke the fauna of New Zealand, with which it offers a striking 

 resemblance. The most characteristic feature of the Chilian ant 

 fauna is the occurrence of peculiar species of Monomosium, like 

 those inhabiting Australia and New Zealand, and of the genus 

 Melophorus found only in Australia and New Zealand. These facts 

 corroborate the hypothesis of a Cretaceous or Eocene connection 

 between South America and Australia. 



New Zealand appears as a bit of old Australia, quite free from 

 later Papuan or Indian intrusions, like Madagascar, which as an 

 isolated part of old Africa, had received but a few immigrants, 

 when, at the Pliocene epoch, a stream of Indian life entered into 

 the Ethiopian continent. Probably Chili may be considered as a 

 part of ancient Archiplata, secured from Guyanean and Brazilian 

 immigrants by the heights of the Cordillera, but having preserved 

 only an incomplete set of the original Archiplatean fauna. 



Beetles — Longicornia in Australia, New Zealand, South America ; 

 Buprestidac in Australia, New Zealand, South America. 



Mies — Zaluscoides in the Auckland Islands ; the closely related genus 

 Zalusca in Kerguelen. 



Peripatus — in Australia, South and Central America, South Africa, 

 Peripafiis (scnsii strict 0) in South America and South Africa. 

 Arachnoidea (spiders, etc.) 



Myro (a spider) with species — 2 in the Antarctic Islands of New Zea- 

 land, I on Kerguelen Island, i at the Cape of Good Hope. 



Rubrins (a spider) Antarctic Islands of New Zealand, Tasmania, South 

 America. 



Pacificana cockayii (a spider) in the Antarctic islands of New Zealand; 

 a related species in Tasmania cUid a closely related species at 

 Cape Horn. 



Cryptostcmma zvcstcrnmanni (?) in tropical America and tropical 

 Africa. 



Cercoponius (a scorpion) in Australia, South America. 

 Crustacea — Land and freshwater forms : 



Parastacid crayfishes in Australia, New Zealand, South America (with 

 one " wanderer " in California), Madagascar. Their gill flukes have 

 been studied by Harrison, so also their Histriobdellidae. 



Trichoniscus, a subantarctic genus. One species occurs in the subant- 

 arctic islands of New Zealand, Fuegia, Falkland Islands. 



Defo in Australia, New Zealand, Chatham Islands, Auckland Islands, 

 Chili, Cape of Good Hope, St. Paul Island. The species D. auck- 

 Imidiac occurs in New Zealand and Chili. 



Jdotoca lacustris in New Zealand, Campbell Island, the Straits of 

 Magellan. 

 Annelid worms. Many of the commonest New Zealand polychaetous annelids 

 are identical with those of Magellan Strait, Fuegia and Chili. A 

 comprehensive study of these worms and their parasites from these 

 regions should prove of much value. Chilton (1909) says "of 

 13 species in the subantarctic islands of New Zealand only 2 are 

 endemic in New Zealand, 8 are found in South America or the 

 Falkland Islands, and 2 extend to Kerguelen ". 



