70 



I'lIlC STKUerUIJK OK IIIK NU0LKU8. 



lAlU-K I.— KI.OWER-LIKE CORON.\S DUE 10 GR.\UED CONDENS.VnON. 



s —-(2.-1/Suii'm (p) (i- \/i + (s-JA)'iin (p); d = 6^—u/i; ^ = -.001 44/21; ; <5„ = .001"" 



rf„j„ = .00144 ; -fo = 1-44"" ; -f... = 2.88'"'. 



The curves showing the loci of uniform color for these diiferent conditions are 

 constructed in the chart and numbered 1-5 in succes,sion. No. 1 is still very neaily 

 circular, while No. 2 is more oval, the members having risen above No. ]. I'mtli 

 curves aie closed. No. 2' is the interesting transitional case between closed and 

 open curves, concerning wliirli presently. No. 3 is already quite open and Itell- 

 shaped ; No. 4 more so ; No. 5 is l)asin-shaped, and succeeding curves woidd more 

 and more nearly approach the horizontal line through the source. Naturally, all 

 curves pass through the same two points in this line. 



Moreover, equation (G) shows that s becomes imaginary when 1 < (s^ q/-^) sin ep 

 since A is negative. The final values of s and gt are thus given by sin ^n, = — A/s^ q, 

 so that on reduction s„, = 2.>-„ = 2.S8. Tlie.se data are also given in the table. It is 

 further apparent that the corona will just begin to open on top when 1 =—s^q/A, 

 or .sin qj — 1. Since A = — .00072/a and .s„ = 1.44 the gradient a = .0035. This 

 is the curve No. 2' between the conditions of Nos. 2 and 3. In all these cases the 

 eciuation given strikingly interprets the opening of a harebell or what would be 

 called cam})anulate eillorescence in botany. 



I may add, in conclusion, that all the types of curves given are continually and 

 repeatedly met with in working with volatile liquids, among which I have now 

 e.vamiiied ga.soline, benzine, benzol, and cai'bon disulphide, at length. The law of 

 distribution reproduces the cases a.s nearly as they can l)e tested in the fleeting 

 coronas, thougli the real law is not liable to be linear and will have to be specially 

 worked out. 



Finally, if all gradation of particles is absent, or if the air passes abruptly 

 fi'diii uiiif'irnily nucleateil to iioii nucleated air passing through a horizontal [ilane 



