15(5 



■niK STKUCTUUE OF THE NUCLEUS. 



lAHl.E .2— RATES OF DIFIUSION. k' FROM GRAPHS. /■ CORRECTED. PHOS- 

 PHORUS NUCLEI. 



The table finally contains the oi'clinate con-esponding to a time interval of 50 

 minutes without refeience to the initial ordinate. This is the height of the fog 

 bank, as observed 50 minutes after nueleation. As a whole, the following inferences 

 will apply to it, as well as to the rates k, as may be seen in figure 9, by plotting 

 both for comparison in some suitable way. 



18. lielations to other 2)h,y steal coiidants. — A glance at the data fonnd for ^-^ 

 shows that the incidental circumstances of the experiment, tlie presence or absence 

 of water vapor, the occiin-ence of impurities in the reagent, etc., are of striking 

 imi)ortance. By contrast, those constants which seemed at the outset to be determi- 

 nating features, do not now appear in the same light. Thus the ionizing properties 

 of the solvent, its electrical conduction, etc., are not the dominating (]ualities which 

 influence the rate of diffusion. Acetone, for instance, as a moderately good ionizer, 

 has about the same rate as benzol and toluol, methyl alcohol a smaller rate than all. 

 Aside from the enormous rate for water, ethyl and amyl alcohol have the largest 

 rates ol)taine(l, and the lattei- varies abruptly according as water vapor mayor may 

 not be present, or for other reasons. 



The ionizing potency of the liquid as a solvent or other similar electrical con- 

 dition mentioned at the beginning of this chapter, like electric charge, etc., has 

 no immediate influence on the rate of diffusion. A theory like the one given in 

 Chapter V, i^ 47, seems best adapted to exphiin the occurrences here ob-served. 



An arrangement with reference to specific inductive capacity woidd necessitate 

 a distribution of k in the order of water (80), methyl alcohol (33), ethyl alcohol, 

 (27), amyl alcohol (16), benzol (2), toluol (2), acetone (?), which is not the order 

 of k observed. Tims the very low v.-vlues of l)enzol an<l of tohiol in the list, have 

 no counterpart in the <liffusion rates of tiie.se bodies. 



If an immeiliate relation of k to surface tension existed, the distribution of the 

 k values would be in the oi'der of water (80), benzol (28), toluol (28), acetone (25), 



