XXXVl INTRODUCTION. 



4. Front prolonged into a broad quadrate beak ; antennse inserted in front 

 of the eyes, variable in length, serrate, or pectinate ; tibial spurs dis- 

 tinct or obsolete. . (p. 356) Bkuchid^. 



The name Phytophaga, used for tliis series, is generally em- 

 ployed in a more restricted sense, meaning the Chrysoraelidae 

 alone. All the recognized families are represented in our fauna. 



HETEROMERA. 



In an arrangement of the series of Coleoptera based on the 

 tarsal system, the Heteromera have been placed between the 

 Pentamera and Tetramera, not that they have been supposed to 

 have any special relationship to either, nor to be a link between 

 them, but apparently from the fact that in the aggregate the 

 number of tarsal joints was one greater than the Tetramera and 

 one less than the Pentamera. While all authors admit that the 

 Heteromera form a sharply limited series, into which but few 

 foreign elements have ever been introduced, it is not by any 

 means an easy matter to define sharply the difi'erences between 

 the Clavicornia and the present series, there is no difficulty, how- 

 ever, in distinguishing the individual members of either series 

 from those of the other. 



The families represented in our fauna are separated in the 

 following manner :— 



Anterior coxal cavities closed behind. 2. 



Anterior coxal cavities open behind. 3. 



2. Tarsal claws simple ; 



Ventral ss^gments five ; 



Ventral segments in part connate; 



Penultimate joint of tarsi not spongy. (p. 358) TenebkioniDj?:. 

 Penultimate joint of tarsi spongy beneath. (p. 392) Lagkiid/e. 

 Ventral segments free ; anterior coxae small. (p. 391) Othniid^. 

 Ventral segments six, the last two closely united, the first two con- 

 nate. ' (p. 387) iEoiALlTID.'E. 



Tarsal claws pectinate. (p. 389) Cistelid^. 



3. Head not strongly- and suddenly constricted at base. 4. 

 Head strongly constricted at base. - 5. 



