170 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 102 



(villa) of Queretaro, a Spanish settlement with 500 residents, plus 

 many Indians. It is a very delightful village (pueblo), with a mar- 

 velous climate and abundance of supplies and delicacies; there are 

 large cattle, sheep, and hog ranches, vineyards and all kinds of fruit, 

 native and from Spain. The Viceroy appoints an Alcalde Mayor for 

 this city, for its good administration and the dispensing of justice. 

 Besides the parish church there is a famous Franciscan convent and 

 another, San Diego, of the Barefoot Friars, and a nunnery of Bare- 

 foot Nuns of the Carmelite Order ; this was founded by the Cacique 

 Don Diego, an Indian of high intelligence and Christian character, 

 as is evidenced by such an establishment. In addition to founding 

 it and acting as its patron, he endowed it with an income sufficient 

 to maintain all the nuns ; thus God our Lord is well served, and the 

 good Indian left an example in this work for others to imitate. At 

 the town limit, the Archdiocese touches the Diocese of Michoacan. 



480. In the towns of Tacuba and Tlanepantla, His Majesty ap- 

 points an Alcalde Mayor, in consultation with his Royal Council of 

 the Indies. From Tacuba WNW. on the way to Jiquipilco, Chiapa 

 lies to one side, and Tepeaquilla, Atzcapotzalco, Tenayuca, and at 4 

 leagues, Cuauhtitlan and Tepeji, where there are cattle ranches and 

 wheat farms. Farther on lie Jolotitlan and Jilotepec, where it borders 

 on villages of the Province of Michoacan. Beyond Jilotepec lies Tula, 

 where there are large stock and cattle ranches, and farms to the N. 

 All this country has a marvelous springlike climate. Starting N. from 

 Mexico City, one comes on the villages of Tepeaquilla, and farther 

 on, Acatapec, Atotobilco; Tulancingo, and then the Province and 

 Sierra of Metztitlan, also called Huayacocotlan, as has been remarked. 



Chapter XXVI 



Of Other Features of the Archdiocese of Mexico, and of the Fruit 

 Growing There. 



481. In the provinces of this district of the Archdiocese of Mexico 

 described in the preceding chapters, there are over 250 Indian villages, 

 with many cities among them; 100 [of them] are county seats 

 (cabezas de partido). In these, and on over 6,000 establishments — 

 corn and wheat farms, sugar plantations, cattle, sheep, and hog 

 ranches — there are over 500,000 Indians paying tribute, and more 

 than 150 convents of the Dominican, Franciscan, and Augustinian 

 orders, and many curacies under priests, not to speak of the [many] 

 Spanish towns in the district of the Archdiocese, and especially all 

 the silver-mining towns, which are Spanish settlements. 



