390 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 102 



them. It has a very fine Cathedral, Dominican, Franciscan, Augus- 

 tinian, and Mercedarian convents, and a fine nunnery, Santa Clara, 

 with other churches and pilgrimage shrines. Its jurisdiction is so 

 extensive that another Bishop could [and should] be appointed for 

 Chachapoyas, for the good of its administration. 



1155. The city is built on the plains where there is no rain, in a 

 pleasant and fertile valley where they raise much irrigated wheat 

 and corn, kidney beans, pallares, peanuts, chickpeas, and other cereals 

 and vegetables, both indigenous and Spanish. They have some olive 

 groves, but only a few ; they get excellent olives and [already] some 

 oil. There are [some] vineyards, and [much] native fruit like 

 bananas, aguacates, cucumbers, guavas, pineapples, and others ; of 

 Spanish varieties, large and small peaches, pears, apples, pippins, figs, 

 and others; and many sugar plantations [especially in the Chicama 

 valley, which is 5 leagues N. of the city ; this is a very wide and 

 fertile valley, where they raise much corn, wheat, and other cereals ; 

 there are many apricots and sugar plantations with large mills where 

 they make [large] quantities of sugar; there are excellent]. There 

 are cattle and sheep and mule ranches, and through the whole Chicama 

 valley many guacas, which are the sumptuous tombs which the 

 Indians had for their burials ; they put in them also all the wealth 

 of silver and gold they possessed, and the other valuables [they had], 

 both elaborate clothing and whatever else was necessary for their 

 service [and their food and wine] for the journey to the other life 

 of their perdition. In this valley there are also some vineyards ; its 

 river produces excellent fish and large crayfish, as is true of all the 

 rivers in this kingdom. 



1156. This Diocese was created and carved out of the Dioceses 

 of Lima and Peru because of the great extent and wealth of its 

 jurisdiction, at the time when the Marques de Montesclaros was 

 Viceroy of Peru. The first Bishop was Dr. Don Jeronimo de Carcamo, 

 and disembarking on the Pacific within sight of his Diocese, he lost 

 his life in the sea. [At once] Fray Don Francisco de Cabrera, Bishop 

 of Puerto Rico, followed him, being the first to take possession ; 

 he governed from the year 1615 till 1619. when he died; at the 

 present time the Bishop is Dr. Carlos Marcelo [and he still is today] . 



1157. And when I was in the city of Lima de Los Reyes in that 

 year 1619, a Thursday, first day of Lent after Ash Wednesday, at 

 about II a.m., there came such a great earthquake that it laid low 

 almost all the city (of Trujillo.C.U.C.) dashing all the houses to 

 the ground, and its temples, which were very fine and all the con- 

 struction very well done ; more than 400 persons were killed — a 



