472 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 102 



1332. Going S. from the city, one finds many valleys, like that 

 of Pachacamac 5 leagues distant, where the Indians had the greatest 

 sanctuary in those Kingdoms in the days of their heathendom ; there 

 is much cattle raising and agriculture. Then comes the village of 

 Chilca, where they have neither running stream nor rain ; but in the 

 depressions in the sand there are excellent grapevines, and the sand 

 is damp enough for them to plant corn in it, in the heads of sardines, 

 which they call anchovetas here, and the heads of other fish, of which 

 there are quantities in that sea [and along that coast, and they fish 

 for them, and get great hauls] and in this way they have excellent 

 crops. The Indians of this village of Chilca get their drinking water 

 from jagiieyes, which are the same as wells. Then comes the Mala 

 Valley which [likewise] has plenty of water ; farther on is the town 

 of Cafiete, 22 leagues S. of Lima. It was founded by the Marques 

 de Cafiete in the year 1560 in the Guarco Valley, where they raise 

 large amounts of wheat [and] corn with other cereals and fruit ; 

 there are some vineyards, the valley being very large [and] extensive 

 and amply supplied with water. The town lies about half a league 

 from the ocean ; opposite is the village of Lunahuana, on the bank of 

 this imposing river ; it is a pleasant excursion point, with excellent 

 Spanish fruit ; the quinces and pomegranates are very good. Beyond 

 this to the S. there is another small valley with a few vineyards ; 

 then comes the famous Chincha Valley, so renowned in its prosperous 

 days for the large numbers of inhabitants and its great fertility. 

 Today there is only a [large] Indian village there and a few Spaniards, 

 with a Dominican convent ; since they bring down the quicksilver 

 from Huancavelica here. His Majesty has stationed a Factor at 

 this point to supervise its [shipment and] export to the port of Arica 

 for Potosi, Oruro, and the other mines in the upland country. 



1333. This Chincha Valley is 9 leagues from that of Cafiete ; it is 

 5 to the port and town of Pisco, to the S. ; the town is built at the 

 water's edge. From there it is 12 leagues to lea, through very fertile 

 valleys, where they produce over 800,000 jugs of wine [and when 

 I describe the Corregimientos I shall speak of their remarkable 

 features]. Fourteen leagues beyond lea to the S. is the Huayuri 

 Valley, and next to it, other valleys thinly settled, with a few cattle 

 ranches along their streams. Eight leagues farther on is the valley 

 of El Ingenio (Mill) de La Nasca, where they produce over 70,000 

 jugs of wine which is among the best produced in that Kingdom. All 

 the vineyards are grouped in a tract stretching 3 leagues up the valley ; 

 the owners live beside them, each in his own personal establishment. 

 This valley is 12 leagues from the sea, to which they take their wine 



