WHOLE VOL. THE WEST INDIES VAZQUEZ DE ESPINOSA 473 



for export through the port of Caballos ; the Caballos export is for 

 Lima, but the greater part is freighted through the sierra on llama- 

 back for Guamanga, Cuzco, and other points. It is called Valle del 

 Ingenio (Mill Valley) because in the early days of the exploration 

 of that Kingdom they built a very large sugar mill there ; for the 

 plantation work and the mill operations they had over 300 Negroes 

 and 500 Indians ; it was a very large enterprise. But when they 

 began planting vineyards later, it fell off, and at present there is 

 nothing left but the name of it there. Beyond this valley is that of 

 Cajamalca, called of La Nasca, which is the last in the Archdiocese 

 and [along the coast] borders on the Diocese of Arequipa in the 

 Acari Valley, which is 18 leagues from La Nasca; on the sierra side, 

 [it touches] the Province of Los Lucanas in the Diocese of Guamanga. 

 In this valley they produce over 30,000 jugs of the best wine in that 

 Kingdom, although the valley is very short of water, and often when 

 the grapes are ripening they offer prayers to God for rain in the 

 sierra, so that their stream may have water enough to irrigate the 

 vineyards and crops. In this valley is located a town with Spanish 

 residents, where there is a parish church with a curate and a vicar 

 to administer the sacraments to the Spaniards and Indians and give 

 them instruction ; it has likewise a small Augustinian convent. 



1334. In the sierra it has several [very] rich and thickly settled 

 provinces ; with these and the plains there are 16 of the Corregimientos 

 in the [district of the] Archdiocese ; lea is the only one where the 

 Council appoints; 15 have appointments made by the Viceroy. Nine 

 of them are: that of the town and valley of Hancay; Guara; Santa 

 in the plains ; and that of the Province of Canta, all of which lie 

 to the N. of the city of Lima ; that of Huarochiri, that of Jauja and 

 that of the Yauyos to the E. of the city ; Cafiete and that of lea to 

 the S., and El Cercado, which is close to the city. The other six 

 belong in the district of the city of Leon de Huanuco, and are: one 

 to which the Viceroy appoints, in the city; that of Tarma, and 

 Chinchaycocha, to the S. of the city of Huanuco ; the Corregimiento 

 of Los Huamalies, that of Cajatambo, that of the Huailas Valley, 

 and that of Conchucos ; all lie to the N. of this city of Leon de 

 Huanuco. 



1335. To the N. at 9 leagues from the city lies the Chancay Valley 

 where there has been a town ever since the days of the Conde de 

 Nieva ; about 100 Spaniards live there, with [very] large farms 

 in wheat and corn ; there are a few vineyards and olive groves. The 

 Viceroy appoints a Corregidor for the administration of this town 

 and valley ; it is admirably supplied with everything necessary. It 

 has a parish church and Dominican convent. 



