WHOLE VOL. THE WEST INDIES VAZQUEZ DE ESPINOSA 523 



new city of Guanianga realized that the site and location where it 

 had been estabHshed, was not suitable, so they moved it to where it 

 stands today. For this they chose a level spot with a brook running 

 through it with sweet and crystal-clear waters, and they built their 

 city on its banks, having transferred it from the other site. Toward 

 the N. it has some low ranges or hills which might almost serve as 

 its walls ; you cannot see the city until you get near it. Its climate 

 ranks among the best and most delightful in the Kingdom of Peru ; 

 it is always springtime, with cheerful skies and healthful breezes ; 

 it is in (blank) degrees S. ; the temperature is equable, highly con- 

 stant, and (continued in 1429). 



1428. In the following list are tabulated all the encomiendas and 

 tributary Indians, the old people, boys, and women in all the prov- 

 inces of the districts of the cities and Archdioceses of Lima and 

 Charcas, and the Dioceses of Trujillo, part of Quito, those of Gua- 

 manga, Cuzco, La Paz, and Arequipa ; I would remark that the 

 Indians paying tribute are those between the ages of 18 and 50; 

 after 50, they are exempt from tribute. 



(The rest of folio 76 is blank, and folio yj is lacking.) 



1429. (continuation of 1427) healthful, without annoyance from 

 the sun or heat or cold, because there is no excess of any of them. 

 All the buildings and houses in this city are very sumptuous, among 

 the finest in Peru ; the houses all have large portals and are built 

 of cut stone and brick, of excellent architecture. The city will con- 

 tain 400 Spanish residents and mestizos, plus a large service con- 

 tingent of native Indians, Yanaconas, Negroes, and mulattoes ; there 

 are two outer wards ; one is administered by Dominicans and the 

 other by priests. This city has an excellent Cathedral, residence of 

 the Bishop of this city and its provinces, which lie between the 

 Archdiocese of Lima, almost directly N. of it, and the Diocese of 

 Cuzco, which is to its S. It was carved out of them and constituted 

 in the days of the Marques de Montesclaros in the year 1610; their 

 jurisdiction was too extensive, and such an arrangement was desirable 

 because these new countries needed a satisfactory administration. The 

 first Bishop whom they had in this city was Don Fray Augustin de 

 Carvajal, of the Augustinian Order ; after his death he was succeeded 

 by the Inquisitor Verdugo, who governs that church at present, with 

 its priests and prebendaries to serve it. 



1430. The city contains excellent Dominican, Franciscan, Augus- 

 tinian, Mercedarian, and Jesuit convents, and an excellent nunnery 

 of nuns of Santa Clara ; there is a hospital for the care of the indigent 

 sick, and in addition, other shrines and churches. This city is at 



