524 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I02 



the halfway point of the King's Highway of the Incas, between 

 Lima and Cuzco. Within a 5-league circuit it has very fertile and 

 prolific valleys with a hot climate ; in them there are vineyards, pear 

 orchards, pippins, apples, quinces, peaches, figs, and all the other 

 Spanish and native varieties of fruit, in great abundance. These 

 valleys are delightful resorts and much frequented, as, e.g., Yucay, 

 I league from the city, and Vifiaca, 3, with excellent vineyards and 

 orchards of these fruit trees just mentioned ; at i league from the 

 city there is a riverside district with gristmills. There are many 

 settlements in the neighborhood, such as Huamanguilla, 4 leagues 

 off, and La Quinua and others, all very fertile ; all over these valleys 

 there are many people living on farms where they sow and reap 

 much wheat, corn, and other cereals ; there are many cattle and sheep 

 and hog ranches ; almost all this area described lies to the ENE. of 

 the city. 



1431. In the district of this Diocese there are seven Corregimientos ; 

 two are in the appointment of the Council : that of the city of 

 Guamanga, and that of Castrovirreina ; and five under the Viceroy : 

 a Governor of the quicksilver mines of Huancavelica ; the Corregidors 

 of Sangaro, Huanta, Vilcas, the Province of Los Lucanas, and that 

 of Los Chocorvos, in which lie the mines of Castrovirreina ; he is 

 usually aggregated to the Corregidor of the mines. 



The Corregidor of Guamanga, appointed by the Council, has juris- 

 diction over the 5 leagues round about, including all the Indian villages 

 in this district, in which there are many cattle, sheep, and hog ranches, 

 and fields of wheat, corn, and other crops and cereals. The place 

 is full of transients, being on the King's Highway, with an active 

 trade and abundance of excellent supplies. 



Chapter LX [61] (62) 



Continuing the Description of the Diocese. 



1432. In this district, besides what has been mentioned, much wine 

 is produced in the valleys and much is brought in on llamaback from 

 the valleys of lea, Ingenio, and Nasca, which lie to its W. ; and on 

 the cold puna in between there are many llama ranches, etc. 



1433. Five leagues ENE. of the city is the famous Huanta Valley, 

 with a marvelous springlike climate the whole year through, so that 

 it seems a bit of Paradise on earth. E. and W. it is 7 leagues long, 

 with a large river running straight through it ; at the end of the 

 valley it enters the Andes, and by its junction with the Rio de Jauja 

 it becomes a mighty stream, and with other affluents swells the 



