WHOLE VOL. THE WEST INDIES VAZQUEZ DE ESPINOSA 613 



Nuestra Seilora de La Paz, known as Pueblo Nuevo. It is in 17° S., 

 100 leagues to the S. of the imperial city of Cuzco, and 100 again to 

 the N. of the city of La Plata. The city has a marvelous springlike 

 climate with clear skies and air, and very delicious water. Nearby is 

 a lofty snow-clad range, in which it is stated that the Indians, at 

 the time the Spaniards came in, hid everything that was contained 

 in the rich Sun Temple and in their palaces in this valley ; the whole 

 country is rich in gold and in the early days they took a great deal 

 out, the ore there being high grade. 



1627. The city will contain over 200 Spanish residents, not counting 

 the service rabble. It has a Cathedral with a Bishop and Prebendaries 

 who reside there and serve it. This Diocese was carved out of the 

 Archbishopric of the Charcas and the Diocese of Cuzco in the year 

 1610, in the days of the Marques de Montesclaros ; their jurisdiction 

 was too large, and a Bishop was necessary in this city, for a new 

 country has need of new remedies. It has Dominican, Franciscan, 

 Augustinian, Mercedarian, and Jesuit convents, a hospital for the 

 care of the indigent sick, and other churches and shrines. His 

 Majesty, in consultation with his Royal Council, appoints a Corregidor 

 for the city, and Officials of the Royal Patrimony. This valley grows 

 abundance of Spanish and native products — melons, sweet potatoes, 

 and sugarcane, from which they make sugar and excellent preserves. 

 Near the city is the Indian village of Oyune and others. 



1628. In the district of this city and Diocese there are six Corregi- 

 mientos and one State ; two of them, the State of Chucuito and the 

 Corregimiento for the Spaniards of the city of La Paz, are in the 

 appointment of His Majesty in consultation with the Royal Council 

 of the Indies ; five — -Paucarcolla, Omasuyo, Larecaja, Caracollo, and 

 Sicasica, and that of Los Pacajes — are in the appointment of the 

 Viceroy of Peru. All these provinces are thickly populated, and 

 have large flocks of llamas and sheep. The principal foodstuff grown 

 in the Provinces of El Collao is potatoes, which are like ground 

 truffles ; the Indians make chufio out of them by exposing them to 

 the frost so that they freeze and dry and then they make a kind of 

 porridge (mazamorra) out of them, which is highly thought of in 

 that Kingdom and is a much-prized food. In the valleys within its 

 district they raise quantities of corn and some wheat ; there are also 

 a few vineyards. 



1629. The Province and Corregimiento of Larecaja has the Chu- 

 quiabo Valley at its back, and on the E., the Yungas of Coroico, 

 hot country with sugar plantations and presses, where they make 

 quantities of sugar, syrup, and very good preserves. On that side 



