60 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I33 



of a distinct style (fig. 4, b). Boys sometimes wore them until early 

 adolescence, "for when a boy began to be treated like a man, he wanted 

 to look like one." In Panguipulli area, an occasional man wore them 

 "because his grandfather, who was reared in Argentina, did so." No 

 specimens of earrings in Museo Araucano de Temuco were labeled as 

 having been worn by men. Whether feathers played a role in bodily 

 adornment was not ascertained. Cooper's sources say they played a 

 minor one (1946, p. 711). 



Women wore silver pendants known as chawaitu. Chawaitu con- 

 sisted of small plates decoratively incised and either with or without 

 dangles of small silver disks. Those seen today are heirlooms, as 

 are most personal ornaments. Since silver is expensive today and 

 silversmiths are few in number, silver earrings of the old pattern are 

 no longer being made, "anyway one can buy pretty ones in Chilean 

 stores." Nose rings were not worn. A 50-year-old man had not seen 

 men wear bracelets but had heard old persons say that formerly both 

 men and women wore them. Women wear them today. 



Men did not wear necklaces. According to Cooper's sources women 

 wore necklaces of llanca (llaqka), stones of green and bluish-green 

 color, mostly malachite and azurite, perforated and polished. Beads 

 of seashells were used (1946, pp. 711-712). Women I saw wore two 

 kinds of neck pieces : one, worn close to the neck called trarupel ; 

 another extending over the chest called trapelakucha. The owners 

 said they were heirlooms. The trapelakucha consists of three strands 

 of silver links attached to a plate (pis. 27; 55, 3). The plate consists 

 of two engraved birds facing each other. To the lower ends of the 

 three strands of links is attached a trapezoidal or half-moon-shaped 

 plate incised with a decorative floral design. Generally disks dangle 

 from this plate. Evidently there are standard measurements for the 

 trapelakucha, for six specimens measured 1 1 inches in length, and the 

 plate with two birds facing each other 4 to 4^ inches, horizontally. 



Stickpins were used by women primarily to fasten shawls close to 

 the neck. One type of stickpin (pi. 27, //), the tspu or akucha tspu, 

 has either a discoid or a spherical head. Heads of five specimens 

 varied in diameter from 2^ to 6 inches. The length of the pin was 8 

 to 10 inches. Decorations along the edge on one discoid were dots, 

 not quite perforated, and two lines that crossed at right angles at the 

 center. Another type of stickpin (more often it is a safety pin) was 

 the Jikill. (Museo Araucano de Temuco specimens were labeled 

 siquel.) A single strand of silver links is attached to it, to the last 

 link of the strand a formee cross, and to the cross either several 

 small disks or one large one with several dangles. The usual length 

 of the Jikill is 12 or 13 inches. 



