WHOLE VOL, ARAUCANIAN CHILD LIFE — HILGER 99 



The kuijkul and kuUkull are used in signaling (cf. pp. 91-92). 

 Felix Jose defines the kuqkul as he does kuUkull, namely, as the horn 

 of a cow prepared for playing as an instrument (1916, vol. i, pp. 

 97, 99), but schoolboys I saw insisted, after making several kuqkul 

 (pi. 12, i) that what they had made were kuqkul and not kullkull; 

 the kullkull were made of cow's horn, and kur)kul of chupon, they 

 declared. A boy, in making a kuijkul, used two blades (sword-shaped) 

 of the chupon. He made a tight roll of one blade, beginning with the 

 pointed end, and just before he rolled the last of the blade, he inserted 

 the pointed end of the second blade and continued the rolling. When 

 the second blade was completely rolled upon the first, the roll was 

 tied securely with a strand of fiocha. The point of the first blade was 

 then gotten hold of with first finger and thumb, and gently drawn 

 forward until the whole formed a telescope. The narrow end served 

 as the mouthpiece. If the mouthpiece is large and the telescope short, 

 low tones are produced ; if the mouthpiece is narrow and the telescope 

 long, high tones. 



No panpipes were seen in the field. But two of stone, each with 

 four ventages, were seen in the Museo Araucano de Temuco (Nos. 

 715 and 739). They are, respectively, i^ inches long and 2 inches 

 wide, and 2| inches long and 2^ inches wide. 



Non-Araucanian instruments in use today are the guitar and the 

 harmonica. Both are played by men and are used for recreational 

 purposes only. A young Alepue man who owned a harmonica carried 

 it in his pocket and was always ready to entertain any group. The 

 owner of a guitar, a young Alepue man, played at get-togethers and 

 fiestas. He had standing invitations everywhere to do so. One or 

 several persons usually accompanied his playing with songs, or one 

 or two couples danced the choike to the rhythm. The sounds of either 

 instrument drew a crowd. Encores were spontaneous, and hand- 

 clapping prolonged playing for hours. 



According to my informants, the Araucanians had no social dances 

 in the early days. One wonders, however, about the origin of the 

 national dance of Chile, known to Chileans as cueco, the Spanish pro- 

 nunciation of the Araucanian name for the dance — choike (rhea) 

 (pi. 17, 5 and 4). Other social dances enjoyed by Araucanians today, 

 for which there are no Araucanian names, are the gime, the corrido, 

 the walse, and the marcha. These are spoken of by Araucanians as 

 danzas ; the choike, as baile. Old informants recognized the word 

 "baile" as a Spanish word, but noted that their people must have been 

 dancing the choike for a long period of time, since the word "baile" 

 seemed like an Araucanian word to them. 



