394 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. I33 



or in one made with commercial aniline dyes. Plant dyes are set by 

 boiling the article in human urine; commercial dyes, except purple, 

 by boiling them in a solution of alum; purple, by boiling in a sulfate 

 solution. 



Baskets were woven by both men and women ; winnowing trays were 

 coiled by men. Baskets were used in carrying, in sieving, and occa- 

 sionally for threshing wheat with the feet. 



Women modeled pottery by the old method from either lumps or 

 coils of clay. Generally, yellowish-red or white clay was used, mixed 

 with sap of maqui and sand as adhesives. Today, pottery is seldom 

 made for household use. Ollas and cantaros, pipes, cups, plates, 

 and whistles are occasionally made for use at the ijillatun. There 

 were no standard sizes or shapes for pottery, and in general, 

 pottery was neither glazed nor decorated. If a glaze was desired, the 

 surface was smeared with sap of maqui after firing. Polishing and 

 the application of painted or incised decorative designs, if used, were 

 done before firing. Designs were meaningless dots and lines. Paints 

 were made of earth cooked with specific plants, except black which 

 consisted of earth alone. 



