PHYLOGENY OF FUSUS AND ITS ALLIES. 63 



Locality: Unknown (M. C. Z. 922). 



Habitat: Mediterranean, 20 to 100 fathoms on corals and rocks. 



In figT- II of plate VII a specimen from Palermo is shown which 

 may be derived from this species, though from the imperfection of the 

 young stages it is not possible to make a thoroughly satisfactory 

 identification. In general, the immature whorls agree with those of 

 F. fragosus, except that intercalated spirals occur only in the adult. 

 The last whorl is without ribs except just behind the aperture where 

 they may recur. The spirals are strong and subequal. The canal 

 is rather short. If this veriety really belongs to the present series it 

 represents the semirugosiis type among the existing members. 



Locality: Palermo (M. C. Z. 926, 927). 



Reeve's species 55 forms a connecting link between F. fragosus and 

 F. rostratus. 



FUSUS ROSTRATUS (Olivi). 



(Plate VII, figs. 15 and 16.) 

 1792. Murex rostratus Olivi, Zoologia Adriatica, p. 152 (Ginanni Adriatica, t. 2, 



tav. 7, fig. 56). 

 1883. Fusus rostratus Kobelt, Europiiische Meeresconchilien, p. 52, pi. g, figs. 6-10. 



The original description is as follows : 



"M. Stromdo di prima specie di colore biondetto formato ad angoli, 

 e tuito rccoperto di firmissimi cordoncini, che gli girano pel traverso. 



"Abita diversi fondi, e predilige gli arenacei : Frequente. 



"Si trova ancora lo Sfrotiibo di seconda specie rigato, c papigliato, 

 di rostro curz'o edi colore che inclina al cameo dello stesso Gina Ginanna 

 tav. J, -fig. ^j, ed um'altra varieta piu vcntricosa a coda rcplicata, e 

 corta." 



Olivi makes the type of this species the specimen figured by Ginaiuii 

 in his Adriatica, t. 2, p. 8, tav. 7, fig. 56. I have not seen this publica- 

 tion, the date of which is 1774, but from the description cited it appears 

 that the typical form is that with the carinated or angular whorl, as 

 shown in figures 22 and 23 of plate VII. This is the common variety 

 and may be regarded as typical. 



Occasionally the central carina becomes strong, flat and projects 

 beyond the others on the body whorl, being especially prominent where 

 it crosses the round bulging ribs. The strengthening of the central 

 spiral occurs at varying ages, sometimes in accelerated individuals ap- 

 pearing quite early. In such cases the body whorl often has an angular 

 aspect, though the shoulder remains convex, (No recent species of 

 this series with flat shoulder has been found among the collections 

 examined, nor, so far as I can find, has any been described.) 



In such accelerated individuals the intercalated spiral appears in the 

 fourth or even the third whorl of the conch. In some specimens the 

 intercalation becomes multiple on the body wh(~>rl, while the carination 



