PHYLOGENY OF FUSUS AND ITS ALLIES. 71 



F. coins. It has a second angularity at the base of the body whorl. 

 This species connects F. tuhcrciilatus with the Red Sea variety of F. 

 mannoratiis, and with F. polygonoides. 



A number of specimens in the Haynes collection of the American 

 Museum of Natural History (7999) labeled as coming from the 

 Philippines, appear to belong to this species. They show the same 

 angularity at the base of the body whorl, though all the other char- 

 acters are those of F. tuhercxilatns. This, therefore, may be consid- 

 ered the radicle of the present series. 



Localit\: Red Sea (Tapperone Canefri) ; Philippines (Am. Mus. 



7999)' 



FUSUS POLYGONOIDES Lamarck. 



1822. Fusus polygonoides Lamarck, An. sans vert., T. VII, p. 129, sp. 22. 

 1847. Fusus polygonoides Reeve, Iconica, sp. 36. 



Onlv a few specimens of this species have been seen, none of them 

 showing the protoconch. Some doubt may be entertained as to the 

 exact generic relations of this species, yet in the absence of definite 

 evidence we will range it with the preceding species of Fusus. It 

 appears to be an cxcentric type of the genus, most nearly related to 

 the angular varieties of F. luannoratus. Both varieties, the long and 

 the short, are represented in the specimens seen, corresponding to the 

 figures given by Reeve. 



The early wdiorls are round, thick and close together. The ribs 

 are round, and about their own width apart. There are six primary 

 spirals visible. In the sixth or seventh whorl angulation appears, the 

 central spiral becoming prominent and the ribs fade towards both 

 sutures. On the last whorl the ribs have practically disappeared from 

 the shoulder, but on the angle they form strong, sharp and prominent 

 conical tubercles. A second row of tubercles occurs on the body of 

 the whorl, formed by the fourth spiral below the shoulder angle. In 

 all but the body whorl this second row of tubercles is covered by the 

 next succeeding whorl. Intercalation is of the very mild kind, occur- 

 ing only on the last whorl and not even there between all the spirals. 

 In the shorter variety intercalation is more pronounced and occurs 

 somewhat earlier. The shoulder of this variety is less sloping than 

 that of the longer type. 



In the collection of the Philadelphia Academy of Sciences are a 

 number of specimens which appear to be bleached varieties of this 

 species, with the shoulder gently convex and the second row of tubercles 

 ratb.cr subdued. The label accompanying this lot reads as follows : 

 "Between Cairo and Suez, far from the sea are immense banks of these 

 shells, from which it is inferred that the Red Sea formerly extended 

 there" (E. R.Beadle). 



In character these are intermediate between F. )iianiiomtus var. 



