50 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 93 



highly significant. The bulk of his data, however, has unfortunately 

 never been published. These data are to be found in two large volumes 

 on file in the library of Harvard University in the form of a doctor's 

 dissertation entitled " The Archaeology of Eastern Nebraska, with 

 Special Reference to the Culture of the Rectangular Earth Lodges." 

 This well-illustrated work contains a vast amount of detailed and 

 exceedingly valuable data, especially on those prehistoric Nebraska 

 cultures designated in the present volume respectively as the Sterns 

 Creek culture and the Nebraska culture. I have elsewhere acknowl- 

 edged my debt to Dr. Sterns for permission to incorporate some of 

 his data in the present report. This material will be discussed at some 

 length in later sections. From the strictly scientific standpoint Sterns's 

 various reports stand preeminent in the field of Nebraska archeology. 

 Between 191 4 and 1929 there appears to have been no very ex- 

 tensive or coordinated work carried on in the State. Nevertheless, 

 various individuals already mentioned were active, and some out- 

 side reports appeared. In a paper published by Zimmerman (1918, 

 pp. 471-487) are some valuable data on house sites and mounds in 

 extreme southeastern Nebraska. Unfortunately, Zimmerman has a 

 tendency to so confuse his concrete data with various theoretical con- 

 siderations that the two are often hopelessly intermingled. In 1922 

 a brief report of Gerard Fowke's archeological investigations along 

 the Missouri River in northern Kansas and southern Nebraska ap- 

 peared (1922, part III, pp. 151-160). The portion of this report 

 dealing with northeastern Kansas and southeastern Nebraska covers 

 much the same ground as that of Zimmerman just cited. Both refer to 

 an early historic Pawnee village near the mouth of the Nemaha River 

 (Fowke, 1922, pp. 152-153; Zimmerman, 1918, p. 473) and Fowke 

 states that the Pawnee lived here until 1837, when they were wiped out 

 by the Iowa and Oto, and that two Iowa women living in 191 4 tell of 

 the bodies lying around the site. Neither Wedel nor myself have been 

 able to secure any historical references to this village nor to the historic 

 Pawnee ever having lived in this immediate vicinity. Sterns examined 

 the site and described the pottery, concluding that it was " almost 

 historic " but assigning it to no particular tribe." From Sterns's de- 

 scription the ceramic remains here are all shell-tempered and bear 

 little or no resemblance to any known Pawnee pottery. Unless definite 

 historical evidence can be produced connecting this Nemaha site with 

 the Pawnee, such an identification is in all probability erroneous and 



** 1915, a, II, pp. 171-176, 264. Blackmail, 1928, p. 511, also mentions this site 

 and says that the pottery tempering suggests Osage ware, whereas forms of 

 vessels are similar to Ohio types. 



