66 SMITHSONIAN MISCELLANEOUS COLLECTIONS VOL. 93 



elaborately incised, extending from lip to shoulder (pis. 2, fig. i, b, 

 fig. 2, a). Cord marking occurs but rarely in the protohistoric pottery, 

 apparently being replaced to a great extent by the peculiar vertical 

 ridges already noted. As can be seen from our restored pots (pi. 3), 

 the reconstructions drawn by Holmes ( 1903, fig. 78) are very accurate 

 as to the characteristic round or semi-pointed body shapes of the 

 complete pots. 



In addition to the more characteristic pottery forms several unique 

 types with numerous spouts or with a flat canteenlike shape have been 

 recovered at these sites. Certain of these appear to be trade pieces 

 which may prove to have important historical connections. This is 

 especially true of a number of shell-tempered and, in some cases, 

 incised sherds found at the Schuyler site. The only other pottery arti- 

 facts are a very few modeled tobacco pipes (see Holmes, 1903, fig. 79) 

 and more numerous small, ground-down pottery disks which are 

 usually perforated (pi. 11, fig. 2, a). The latter owing to the small 

 size of the perforation do not seem to have been used as spindle 

 weights, but their function is as yet undetermined. 



Until the considerable amount of archeological material obtained 

 by the Survey from both the Burkett and the Schuyler sites has been 

 carefully studied in detail, no full treatment of protohistoric Pawnee 

 culture is possible."" However, for purposes of the present compara- 

 tive study we may briefly list the main artifact types noted at the time 

 the excavations were in progress, though such a list must obviously be 

 incomplete and subject to correction. Stone artifacts are rather 

 numerous. 



Small, slightly dished mortars occur, though metates and manos have not been 



reported. 

 Arrowpoints, characteristically very small and triangular in shape, lacking 



either stem or notches (NBa, fig. 7), very numerous (pi. 7, fig. i, i). 

 Stone knife blades, common. Diamond-shaped and beveled type characteristic. 

 Large flat side scrapers of quartzite, fairly common, especially at Burkett site. 

 Small planoconvex end scrapers, very common. Usually very short but some 



long and narrow examples from Schuyler site. 

 Rubbing stones, common. 

 Discoidal hammerstones, common. 

 Pecking stones, common. 

 Stone balls, not noted. 

 Polished and perforated gypsum crystals, quartzite pebbles, and hematite paint 



nodules, all noted. 

 Grooved mauls, large and heavy examples fairly numerous. 

 Grooved axes, not reported (probably rare or lacking). 

 Polished celts, not reported (probably rare or lacking). 



®^ Such a study is being prepared under the direction of Dr. E. H. Bell. 



